[ { "id": "r1812chat", "pub": "Pennsylvania Gazette", "date": "1812-05-20", "kind": "feature", "headline": "Sketch of Palestine", "byline": "M. de Chateaubriand", "excerpt": "\"Villages, laid waste by fire and sword, present themselves in every direction, and in the cities, as at Mistra for instance, entire suburbs are abandoned.\" Of Jerusalem: \"a heavy square mass, built low, without chimneys or windows... The whole city resembles a cemetery in midst of a desert.\"", "note": "The oldest item in the collection, eighty-four years older than anything else. A Philadelphia paper reprinting a French traveller on Palestine as ruin and desert. This is where the language of a desolate, emptied land enters American print, decades before anyone proposed settling it.", "caption_fix": { "note": "arrived captioned Salem Weekly Advocate 1844; the masthead reads Pennsylvania Gazette, Wednesday, May 20, 1812" }, "themes": [ "desolation-trope", "origins", "press-itself", "both-arguments" ], "img": "img/r1812chat.webp", "w": 913, "h": 1500, "year": 1812, "included": true }, { "id": "r1844roth", "pub": "Salem Weekly Advocate", "date": "1844-01-01", "kind": "article", "headline": "Palestine Mortgaged to the Rothschilds", "excerpt": "\"It is said abroad that Palestine has been mortgaged to the Rothschilds, as security for a loan advanced to the Sultan. The rumor further asserts that, among the possibilities of the future, is the erection of Palestine, on the conclusion of a peace, into a Jewish kingdom.\" And later: \"The creation of a Jewish kingdom promises the speediest method of arriving at this. There are millions of Hebrews scattered over Europe, who would avail themselves of such a restoration.\"", "content_warning": "The headline repeats an unverified rumour that was false. The claim that the Rothschilds owned or controlled Palestine became a durable antisemitic conspiracy theory, and the headline reads that way out of context. The article itself is not making that argument: it is a Christian restorationist piece arguing for Jewish return, in the paternalistic register of 1844. It is here for the body, not the headline.", "note": "Fifty-two years before the Zionist movement existed, an American paper is already running the whole argument: the land is neglected and cursed, a Jewish kingdom would restore it, and Europe\u2019s persecuted Jews would come.", "date_estimated": true, "themes": [ "origins", "desolation-trope", "restorationism", "both-arguments" ], "exclude_from_vocab": true, "img": "img/r1844roth.webp", "w": 510, "h": 1124, "year": 1844, "included": true }, { "id": "r1870herald", "pub": "New York Herald", "date": "1870-05-09", "kind": "feature", "headline": "Palestine", "dek": "The Jewish American Colony: Its Origin, Organization, Settlement and Work", "themes": [ "american-colony", "origins" ], "img": "img/r1870herald.webp", "w": 1066, "h": 1500, "year": 1870, "included": true }, { "id": "image101", "kind": "feature", "headline": "Farming in Palestine", "dek": "Miscellaneous Reading", "themes": [ "pre-zionist-palestine", "agriculture" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Alexandria Gazette", "date": "1896-07-18", "year": 1896, "slide": 43, "file": "image101.png", "img": "img/image101.webp", "w": 237, "h": 1200, "included": true }, { "id": "image97", "kind": "brief", "headline": "A JEWISH STATE IN PALESTINE", "excerpt": "We understand, says the London Daily Graphic, that practical steps are being taken for the re-establishment of a Jewish State in Palestine. A scheme which was drawn up last year by Dr. Herzl, of Vienna, and subsequently published as a pamphlet in German and English, has found considerable favor among the Jews of Vienna, Paris and London... Dr. Herzl, who is at present in Constantinople, has had a long interview with the Grand Vizier.", "date_problem": "Captioned 1890-07-23, but Herzl's Der Judenstaat was 1896 and his Constantinople audience was 1896-1901. Date is almost certainly wrong - likely 1897. VERIFY BEFORE PUBLISHING.", "themes": [ "origins", "herzl" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Yorkville Enquirer", "date": "1897-07-23", "year": 1897, "slide": 43, "file": "image97.png", "date_original": "1890-07-23", "date_corrected": "Herzl reference dates this to 1897, not 1890 as captioned", "img": "img/image97.webp", "w": 399, "h": 387, "included": true }, { "id": "image169", "kind": "headline", "headline": "ZIONIST CONGRESS IN BASEL", "dek": "The Delegates Adopt Dr. Herzl's Programme for Re-establishing the Jews in Palestine", "note": "Confirms the Yorkville Enquirer clipping (image97) is 1897, not 1890", "themes": [ "origins", "herzl" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The New York Times", "date": "1897-08-31", "year": 1897, "slide": 82, "file": "image169.png", "img": "img/image169.webp", "w": 421, "h": 142, "included": true }, { "id": "r1898kaiser", "pub": "(newspaper unidentified)", "date": "1898-04-09", "kind": "article", "headline": "Kaiser Wilhelm's Trip to Palestine", "dek": "One Object to Regain Possession of Coenaculum for the Catholics", "caption_fix": { "note": "arrived captioned La Crosse Tribune 1982; content is the Kaiser\u2019s 1898 journey, datelined Berlin" }, "date_estimated": true, "themes": [ "origins", "imperial-framing" ], "img": "img/r1898kaiser.webp", "w": 216, "h": 966, "year": 1898, "included": true }, { "id": "image167", "kind": "headline", "headline": "PROGRESS OF ZIONISM", "dek": "The Rev. Mr. Haldeman Thinks that Jews May Regain Palestine Under Military Leadership.", "themes": [ "origins", "christian-zionism" ], "notable": false, "pub": "The New York Times", "date": "1901-12-16", "year": 1901, "slide": 83, "file": "image167.png", "img": "img/image167.webp", "w": 422, "h": 141, "included": true }, { "id": "image176", "kind": "headline", "headline": "PLAN OF COLONIZING PALESTINE WITH JEWS", "dek": "Zionists Discuss Problem in Big Chicago Meeting. Rabbi Emil G. Hirsch Says Government Established by Them There Would Be Model.", "note": "The NYT using 'colonizing' in its own headline voice, 1902", "themes": [ "colonial-vocabulary" ], "notable": true, "keystone": true, "pub": "The New York Times", "date": "1902-01-06", "year": 1902, "slide": 83, "file": "image176.png", "img": "img/image176.webp", "w": 428, "h": 360, "included": true }, { "id": "image170", "kind": "headline", "headline": "DR. HERZL SEES THE SULTAN", "dek": "Negotiations for Settlement of the Jews in Palestine Resumed.", "themes": [ "origins", "herzl" ], "notable": false, "pub": "The New York Times", "date": "1902-08-06", "year": 1902, "slide": 83, "file": "image170.png", "img": "img/image170.webp", "w": 422, "h": 107, "included": true }, { "id": "image185", "kind": "headline", "headline": "JEWS FAVOR PALESTINE", "dek": "American Zionists' Convention Will Urge Colonization There.", "themes": [ "colonial-vocabulary" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The New York Times", "date": "1906-07-01", "year": 1906, "slide": 84, "file": "image185.png", "img": "img/image185.webp", "w": 394, "h": 113, "included": true }, { "id": "image189", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Palestine Again a Jewish Country", "dek": "American Federation of Zionists Discusses the Plan for a Return to Their Ancient Home.", "themes": [ "origins" ], "notable": false, "pub": "The New York Times", "date": "1908-07-12", "year": 1908, "slide": 83, "file": "image189.png", "img": "img/image189.webp", "w": 744, "h": 112, "included": true }, { "id": "image181", "kind": "headline", "headline": "JEWISH COLONISTS ADVANCING", "dek": "Settlers in Palestine Making Good Progress.", "themes": [ "colonial-vocabulary" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The New York Times", "date": "1908-09-28", "year": 1908, "slide": 84, "file": "image181.png", "img": "img/image181.webp", "w": 416, "h": 111, "included": true }, { "id": "image168", "kind": "headline", "headline": "MEETING OF ZIONISTS", "dek": "Turkish Situation Pleases Them - Hope to Get Palestine.", "themes": [ "origins" ], "notable": false, "pub": "The New York Times", "date": "1909-05-31", "year": 1909, "slide": 84, "file": "image168.png", "img": "img/image168.webp", "w": 429, "h": 100, "included": true }, { "id": "image183", "kind": "headline", "headline": "ZIONISTS WRANGLE OVER PALESTINE", "dek": "Proposed Sale of Land Development Stock Arouses a Warm Dispute. FLOOD OF RESOLUTIONS. Reception and Dance Given to the Delegates by the Junior Zionists - Parade To-day.", "themes": [ "origins", "land-purchase" ], "notable": false, "pub": "The New York Times", "date": "1909-06-14", "year": 1909, "slide": 84, "file": "image183.png", "img": "img/image183.webp", "w": 415, "h": 491, "included": true }, { "id": "image187", "kind": "headline", "headline": "ZIONISTS IN CONVENTION", "dek": "Express Hope for Haven in Palestine for European Jews.", "themes": [ "origins" ], "notable": false, "pub": "The New York Times", "date": "1910-07-04", "year": 1910, "slide": 85, "file": "image187.png", "img": "img/image187.webp", "w": 393, "h": 119, "included": true }, { "id": "image190", "kind": "headline", "headline": "JEWISH COLONISTS REDEEM PALESTINE", "dek": "Over 100,000 of Them Now There, and They Are Transforming the Country. PEOPLE BECOMING WEALTHY. Foreign Jews Furnishing Capital and Executive Ability to Make the Natives Self-Supporting.", "note": "'Colonists', 'redeem', 'natives' - all in NYT headline voice, 1912", "themes": [ "colonial-vocabulary" ], "notable": true, "keystone": true, "pub": "The New York Times", "date": "1912-10-13", "year": 1912, "slide": 87, "file": "image190.png", "img": "img/image190.webp", "w": 395, "h": 506, "included": true }, { "id": "image186", "kind": "headline", "headline": "SAYS THE ZIONISTS DISTURB PALESTINE", "dek": "Dr. Paul Nathan of Berlin Asserts Jewish Cause Is Imperilled.", "themes": [ "jewish-dissent", "warning-ignored", "both-arguments" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The New York Times", "date": "1914-01-18", "year": 1914, "slide": 86, "file": "image186.png", "img": "img/image186.webp", "w": 374, "h": 301, "included": true }, { "id": "image191", "kind": "headline", "headline": "A FREE PALESTINE", "dek": "That Is Suggested as One of the Possibilities of the War.", "themes": [ "wwi" ], "notable": false, "pub": "The New York Times", "date": "1915-04-11", "year": 1915, "slide": 88, "file": "image191.png", "img": "img/image191.webp", "w": 363, "h": 93, "included": true }, { "id": "image197", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Palestine Not a Solution of Jewish Problem", "dek": "Zionism Has No Positive Message to Jews in America - Preservation of Hebraic Spirit Needed Rather than Separate Nationality", "themes": [ "jewish-dissent", "both-arguments" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The New York Times", "date": "1917-06-10", "year": 1917, "slide": 89, "file": "image197.png", "img": "img/image197.webp", "w": 832, "h": 181, "included": true }, { "id": "image110", "kind": "article", "headline": "PLANS IDEAL PALESTINE", "dek": "Achooza Corporation Lays Land System Before Zionists. SPECULATION IS PROHIBITED. Jewish Congress To Be Asked To Give $5,000,000 To Aid In Colonisation Scheme.", "caption_fix": { "pub": "The Baltimore Sun", "date": "1917-06-27", "note": "slide 44 captions were swapped; content is WWI-era (Jewish soldiers 'who at the close of the war will have no homes to return to', American Jewish Congress)" }, "themes": [ "colonial-vocabulary", "land-system" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Baltimore Sun", "date": "1917-06-27", "year": 1917, "slide": 44, "file": "image110.png", "img": "img/image110.webp", "w": 273, "h": 1200, "included": true }, { "id": "image193", "kind": "headline", "headline": "JEWISH SOCIALISTS FOR FREE PALESTINE", "dek": "Appeal to Brethren Here and in Russia to Oppose Anything That Hinders Allies, Who Aid It.", "themes": [ "jewish-left" ], "notable": false, "pub": "The New York Times", "date": "1917-07-23", "year": 1917, "slide": 88, "file": "image193.png", "img": "img/image193.webp", "w": 373, "h": 235, "included": true }, { "id": "image198", "kind": "headline", "headline": "JEWISH NATION NOT WANTED IN PALESTINE", "dek": "The Views of Those Who Are Opposed to Zionism Expressed by a Leading American Rabbi.", "note": "Published three weeks after the Balfour Declaration", "themes": [ "jewish-dissent", "both-arguments" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The New York Times", "date": "1917-11-25", "year": 1917, "slide": 85, "file": "image198.png", "img": "img/image198.webp", "w": 656, "h": 247, "included": true }, { "id": "r1918brit", "pub": "Bellingham Herald", "date": "1918-02-15", "kind": "brief", "headline": "British Forces Make Advance in Palestine", "themes": [ "wwi" ], "img": "img/r1918brit.webp", "w": 700, "h": 398, "year": 1918, "included": true }, { "id": "image194", "kind": "headline", "headline": "SEES ROOM FOR FEW IN PALESTINE COLONY", "dek": "Viscount Bryce Finds Country Able to Support Not More Than 300,000 Additional Souls. MIGHT GAIN BY IRRIGATION. With Large Capital Expenditure Water Could Be Had to Make Land Serve 600,000.", "themes": [ "colonial-vocabulary", "capacity-debate" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The New York Times", "date": "1918-05-29", "year": 1918, "slide": 86, "file": "image194.png", "img": "img/image194.webp", "w": 377, "h": 460, "included": true }, { "id": "image184", "kind": "headline", "headline": "AMERICANISM VS. ZIONISM", "dek": "Many American Jews Unsympathetic to a Political Homeland in Palestine, Says Former Attorney General of New York", "themes": [ "jewish-dissent", "both-arguments" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The New York Times", "date": "1918-12-22", "year": 1918, "slide": 88, "file": "image184.png", "img": "img/image184.webp", "w": 665, "h": 191, "included": true }, { "id": "image19", "kind": "front-page", "headline": "Is \"Zionism\" A Menace to World Peace?", "dek": "Deseret News Foreign Correspondent Describes Bitter Resentment of Jewish Colonization by Natives Whose Demand Is 'Palestine For Palestinians' - Moslems and Christians For Once United, Say They Will Fight to the Death Rather Than Give Up Their Country to the Jews - 'Zionist' Methods Resented, Especially Lavish Use of Money, by Which Agents Buy Best Land at High Prices - Strained Feeling Among Arabs and Other Natives Who Declare They Are Being Sold Out by Allies Without Their Consent", "themes": [ "colonial-vocabulary", "warning-ignored", "palestinian-voice", "self-determination" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Deseret News", "date": "1919-07-12", "year": 1919, "slide": 2, "file": "image19.png", "img": "img/image19.webp", "w": 854, "h": 439, "included": true }, { "id": "image2", "kind": "article", "headline": "Buying Up the Land", "excerpt": "Unless Zionism is checked at once, it will succeed in the next few years in buying up all the good land in Palestine and in peopling it with Jewish colonies, leaving the 750,000 present inhabitants of Palestine as hirelings and strangers in their own homeland. None knows this better than the Palestinians themselves.", "themes": [ "land-seizure", "colonial-vocabulary", "warning-ignored" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Deseret News", "date": "1919-07-12", "year": 1919, "slide": 3, "file": "image2.png", "img": "img/image2.webp", "w": 330, "h": 269, "included": true }, { "id": "image5", "kind": "article", "headline": "The colonies would be welcomed were they not forerunners of a planned wave", "excerpt": "Palestinians explain the fair amount of success which has been gained by the Jewish colonies by the unlimited resources which Zionism has placed at their command... The colonies would be welcomed in Palestine were they not forerunners in a planned wave of Jews intended to buy the country away from its people.", "themes": [ "palestinian-voice", "land-seizure", "power-asymmetry" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Deseret News", "date": "1919-07-12", "year": 1919, "slide": 3, "file": "image5.png", "img": "img/image5.webp", "w": 335, "h": 150, "included": true }, { "id": "image8", "kind": "article", "headline": "Interview with leaders of the Mohammedan-Christian society", "excerpt": "'If the Jews have a right to Palestine,' they told me, 'we Arabs have a right to Spain and the Indians have a right to New York.' 'We Arabs have been here for 5,000 years... Today they constitute only 12.5 per cent of our population... Haven't we Moslems respected the Christians' holy places? Haven't we permitted Jewish pilgrims to flow into and out of the country with perfect freedom? Is it grateful of them to return our favors by demanding that we give up our country to them? Where will we go?'", "themes": [ "palestinian-voice", "self-determination", "displacement" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Deseret News", "date": "1919-07-12", "year": 1919, "slide": 3, "file": "image8.png", "img": "img/image8.webp", "w": 346, "h": 348, "included": true }, { "id": "image1", "kind": "article", "headline": "The greatest peril to the peace of Palestine is Zionism", "excerpt": "It will see another war unless Zionism is arrested. Given peaceful development under British direction, it will develop into the peak of the British empire... But given the continued menace of Jewish immigration, its population will break out into an anti-Zionist war which quite conceivably may bring down Egypt, Mesopotamia, Persia, Afghanistan and India and involve the world in a new chaos.", "themes": [ "warning-ignored", "imperial-framing" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Deseret News", "date": "1919-07-12", "year": 1919, "slide": 4, "file": "image1.png", "img": "img/image1.webp", "w": 341, "h": 285, "included": true }, { "id": "image4", "kind": "front-page", "headline": "ZIONISM MAY BRING MORE WORLD WAR, SAYS CLAIR PRICE", "dek": "Correspondent finds Palestinians very bitter on the point of Jewish colonization. DON'T CONCEDE RIGHT - Say Hebrews have same claim on land as Indians have to New York or Arabs to Spain. BRITISH COME IN FOR ABUSE - Natives wondering if they are to be displaced again, now that the Turk has been driven out.", "themes": [ "warning-ignored", "colonial-vocabulary", "palestinian-voice", "displacement", "press-itself" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Buffalo Courier Express", "date": "1919-07-13", "year": 1919, "slide": 4, "file": "image4.png", "img": "img/image4.webp", "w": 243, "h": 405, "included": true }, { "id": "r1919sanantonio", "pub": "San Antonio Express", "date": "1919-07-13", "kind": "full-page", "headline": "Does Palestine Want To Be Zionized?", "byline": "Clair Price", "dek": "Correspondent Finds Remarkable Union Between Christians and Mohammedans Opposing Settlement of \"Their Country\" by Jews", "excerpt": "Sub-deck: \"Residents Declare Only Success Zionism Has Shown Is Due to Large Sums of Money Which Have Been Available for Experiment.\"", "note": "The same Clair Price dispatch that ran in Salt Lake City as \"Is Zionism a Menace to World Peace?\" and in Buffalo as \"Zionism May Bring More World War.\" One correspondent, one week, three headlines.", "wire_group": "clair-price-1919", "themes": [ "framing-contrast", "palestinian-voice", "press-itself" ], "img": "img/r1919sanantonio.webp", "w": 1140, "h": 1500, "year": 1919, "included": true }, { "id": "image16", "kind": "article", "headline": "Criticizes Zionists' Methods", "dek": "Palestinian Restoration Should Not Be at Expense of General War Relief Work", "excerpt": "Rabbi David Philipson: 'Those American Jews who advocate the universalistic interpretation of the mission of Israel do not recognize any homeland but the United States. We repudiate altogether a statement like that recently made by Max Nordau... This doctrine of what might be called a superstate is dangerous and we non-Zionists have absolutely no sympathy with it. In our view Palestine, whenever the independent Palestinian state will be founded, will be a homeland for Palestinian Jews, as the United States is for us. It is not our homeland in any sense.'", "themes": [ "jewish-dissent", "both-arguments" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The American Israelite", "date": "1920-02-26", "year": 1920, "slide": 4, "file": "image16.png", "img": "img/image16.webp", "w": 157, "h": 420, "included": true }, { "id": "image192", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Palestine and the Zionist Problem", "themes": [ "problem-framing" ], "notable": false, "pub": "The New York Times", "date": "1920-07-25", "year": 1920, "slide": 86, "file": "image192.png", "img": "img/image192.webp", "w": 611, "h": 72, "included": true }, { "id": "image202", "kind": "headline", "headline": "APPEAL TO JEWS HERE FOR FREE PALESTINE", "dek": "Speakers at Close of Zionist Convention Ask for Moral and Financial Aid.", "themes": [ "origins", "fundraising" ], "notable": false, "pub": "The New York Times", "date": "1920-11-29", "year": 1920, "slide": 89, "file": "image202.png", "img": "img/image202.webp", "w": 396, "h": 216, "included": true }, { "id": "image177", "kind": "headline", "headline": "PALESTINE NATIVES OPPOSE ZIONISM", "dek": "Moslems and Christians Have Formed an Association to Protect Their Rights.", "themes": [ "colonial-vocabulary", "palestinian-organizing" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The New York Times", "date": "1921-05-08", "year": 1921, "slide": 82, "file": "image177.png", "img": "img/image177.webp", "w": 408, "h": 292, "included": true }, { "id": "r1921tribune", "pub": "New York Tribune", "date": "1921-05-22", "kind": "review", "headline": "Palestine Reborn", "dek": "An Eyewitness View of the New Jewish State", "excerpt": "A review of Redcliffe Salaman\u2019s \"Palestine Reclaimed,\" on \"the difficulties that stand in the way of successful colonization.\" The reviewer relays the author\u2019s view that \"the Arab is sly and untrustworthy and bitterly anti-British, while the Jew is ready to be intensely loyal.\"", "themes": [ "colonial-vocabulary", "origins", "both-arguments" ], "img": "img/r1921tribune.webp", "w": 206, "h": 1126, "year": 1921, "included": true }, { "id": "image166", "kind": "headline", "headline": "PALESTINE IS STILL A LAND OF PROBLEMS", "dek": "Moslems and Christians Bitterly Opposed to Colonization by Zionist Immigrants. ALL SIDES GIVE THEIR VIEWS", "note": "The word 'STILL' in 1921; and 'ALL SIDES GIVE THEIR VIEWS' as the original both-sides formula", "themes": [ "colonial-vocabulary", "both-sides-framing", "still" ], "notable": true, "keystone": true, "pub": "The New York Times", "date": "1921-07-10", "year": 1921, "slide": 82, "file": "image166.png", "img": "img/image166.webp", "w": 398, "h": 372, "included": true }, { "id": "image15", "kind": "article", "headline": "The Situation in Palestine", "excerpt": "Very disquieting reports concerning conditions in Palestine cause the Jews of the world to pause and consider the next step in the Zionist program... Lord Northcliffe's assertion that there was bound to be an upheaval in Palestine soon, is causing great disquietude in Jewish circles.", "themes": [ "jewish-dissent", "warning-ignored", "both-arguments" ], "notable": false, "pub": "The American Israelite", "date": "1922-07-06", "year": 1922, "slide": 1, "file": "image15.png", "img": "img/image15.webp", "w": 307, "h": 357, "included": true }, { "id": "image12", "kind": "article", "headline": "Fear Economic Domination", "excerpt": "C.K. Chesterton: 'certain people in Palestine fear the coming of the Jew as they fear the coming of the locusts; they regard them as parasites...' What is strange... about the attitude of some quite intelligent and sincere Zionists is that they talk, write and apparently think as if there were no such thing in the world.", "themes": [ "warning-ignored", "denial-of-presence" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Brooklyn Eagle", "date": "1926-12-19", "year": 1926, "slide": 1, "file": "image12.png", "img": "img/image12.webp", "w": 279, "h": 323, "included": true }, { "id": "image3", "kind": "article", "headline": "Press Silenced by Hopelessness", "excerpt": "Negib Diab, editor of Mirat-ul-Gharb: 'the Arabs have been comparatively silent these years, but that is not a sign that they are in favor of Zionism. They have realized that they are powerless to oppose a movement so ably sponsored by political and economic forces vastly superior to their own; their silence is a sign of weakness, not of love to Zionism.'", "themes": [ "palestinian-voice", "press-silence", "power-asymmetry", "press-itself" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Brooklyn Eagle", "date": "1926-12-19", "year": 1926, "slide": 1, "file": "image3.png", "img": "img/image3.webp", "w": 275, "h": 358, "included": true }, { "id": "n1931gleaner", "pub": "Daily Gleaner", "date": "1931-02-21", "kind": "article", "headline": "Palestine Arabs Dismayed By Britain's Newest Policy", "dek": "Premier MacDonald Declaration on White Paper Receives Mixed Reception. Moslem Council Declares Zionist Pressure Caused Government to Change.", "excerpt": "Subheaded \"Statements are Vague.\" The Jaffa Arab paper Falastin writes that the Arabs have been swindled in explanations, and that insult has been added to injury by not informing Arab leaders simultaneously with Dr. Weizmann about the declaration.", "themes": [ "promise-withdrawn", "palestinian-press", "white-paper", "press-itself" ], "img": "img/n1931gleaner.webp", "w": 378, "h": 1230, "year": 1931, "included": true }, { "id": "r1936inq", "pub": "Philadelphia Inquirer", "date": "1936-05-23", "kind": "editorial", "headline": "Arabs and Jews in Palestine", "excerpt": "\"Racial prejudice has played a large part in history. One modern instance is Nazi Germany... Another is found in the conflict between Arabs and Jews in Palestine. The former claim the country as their own and resent the colonization of Jews as an intrusion.\" It goes on to describe \"Muslim fanaticism\" and land \"largely overrun by Arab tribes.\"", "note": "The paper\u2019s own unsigned voice, using \"colonization\" plainly in 1936.", "themes": [ "colonial-vocabulary", "editorial-voice", "both-arguments" ], "img": "img/r1936inq.webp", "w": 496, "h": 772, "year": 1936, "included": true }, { "id": "n1937pitt", "pub": "Pittsburgh Sun-Telegraph", "date": "1937-07-23", "kind": "front-page", "headline": "Syria Protests Plan to Slice Palestine", "dek": "Alongside: \"Palestine Split Unnecessary, Rabbi Says\" and \"Jewry in Chicago Protest Partition\"", "excerpt": "Three Palestine stories share the page with a notice for the Duquesne University supper dance, a banned transatlantic flight, and \"Mayor Upholds Riot Police.\" Rabbi Herman Hailperin of the Tree of Life Congregation: \"It is simple, though inadequate, to say I agree or I disagree.\"", "themes": [ "partition", "jewish-dissent", "page-adjacency", "both-arguments" ], "img": "img/n1937pitt.webp", "w": 818, "h": 1206, "year": 1937, "included": true }, { "id": "r1937part", "pub": "Philadelphia Inquirer", "date": "1937-07-23", "kind": "editorial", "headline": "Palestine Partition Waits", "excerpt": "On the Peel Commission plan. \"Nor is there much hope that the final League and Commons actions will segregate the 400,000 Jews and 1,000,000 Arabs in contiguous sections of a land both claim, in anything like settled peace, at least for a long time to come.\"", "themes": [ "partition", "editorial-voice" ], "img": "img/r1937part.webp", "w": 426, "h": 1014, "year": 1937, "included": true }, { "id": "r1937letter1", "pub": "The Sun", "date": "1937-07-23", "kind": "letter-to-editor", "headline": "The Return Of The Jews And Their Lawful Right To Palestine", "byline": "J. G. Wiltshire, Baltimore", "caption_fix": { "pub": "The Sun", "note": "addressed \"To the Editor of The Sun\", not the Philadelphia Inquirer as captioned" }, "themes": [ "reader-notices", "restorationism", "both-arguments" ], "img": "img/r1937letter1.webp", "w": 206, "h": 1168, "year": 1937, "included": true }, { "id": "n1937jta", "pub": "Buffalo Jewish Review", "date": "1937-10-01", "kind": "brief", "headline": "Syria and Saudia to Support Palestine Arabs, Cairo Hears", "excerpt": "The government of Syria has decided to send a delegation to Geneva to join a committee in support of the Palestine Arabs opposition to partition, the newspaper El Mokkatam reported.", "themes": [ "partition", "regional-support", "both-arguments" ], "img": "img/n1937jta.webp", "w": 856, "h": 696, "year": 1937, "included": true }, { "id": "n1937cur", "pub": "Omaha World-Herald", "date": "1937-10-20", "kind": "article", "headline": "BRITISH CONTINUE PALESTINE CURFEW", "dek": "Hopeful of Restoring Holy Land Quiet - Arabs Attack Sporadically", "excerpt": "An Armenian street photographer, apparently mistaken for an Arab because he wore the red fez-like tarboosh, was shot and critically wounded on a main street of Jerusalem.", "themes": [ "curfew", "mistaken-identity" ], "img": "img/n1937cur.webp", "w": 326, "h": 964, "year": 1937, "included": true }, { "id": "n1937omaha", "pub": "Omaha World-Herald", "date": "1937-10-20", "kind": "article", "headline": "Bomb, Shots Jolt Palestine", "dek": "British Threaten to Blast More Homes", "excerpt": "British troops who blew up three Arab houses in Daharia, near Hebron, in reprisal for an Arab raid on a police arsenal marked more houses for demolition, the number to correspond to the number of rifles taken. They promised to spare one house for each rifle returned.", "wire_group": "daharia-1937-10-20", "themes": [ "home-demolition", "collective-punishment", "framing-contrast" ], "img": "img/n1937omaha.webp", "w": 1400, "h": 660, "year": 1937, "included": true }, { "id": "n1937indy", "pub": "Indianapolis Star", "date": "1937-10-20", "kind": "article", "headline": "Bombing Shatters Palestine's Peace", "excerpt": "Identical United Press copy to the Omaha World-Herald of the same day. The house demolitions at Daharia appear in the sixth paragraph rather than the headline.", "wire_group": "daharia-1937-10-20", "themes": [ "home-demolition", "framing-contrast" ], "img": "img/n1937indy.webp", "w": 298, "h": 1022, "year": 1937, "included": true }, { "id": "n1937split", "pub": "Indianapolis Star", "date": "1937-10-20", "kind": "article", "headline": "Zionists Split On Issue Of Palestine Partition", "byline": "Harold Ettlinger, United Press", "excerpt": "The new Zionist organisation, led by Wladimir Jabotinsky, denounced the Zurich congress resolution as a betrayal of the Jewish National Home ideal and promised a worldwide campaign to disavow it.", "themes": [ "jewish-dissent", "partition", "both-arguments" ], "img": "img/n1937split.webp", "w": 872, "h": 1002, "year": 1937, "included": true }, { "id": "n1937pad1", "pub": "Paducah Sun", "date": "1937-12-23", "kind": "feature", "headline": "Arabs Watchful in Holy Land As Shepherds 1937 Yrs. Ago", "dek": "Moslem Factions Resent British Plan for 3-Way Palestine Partition, Distrusting Jews and All Other Elements Involved", "byline": "Webb Miller, United Press", "themes": [ "partition", "christmas-framing" ], "img": "img/n1937pad1.webp", "w": 454, "h": 1102, "year": 1937, "included": true }, { "id": "n1937pad2", "pub": "Paducah Sun", "date": "1937-12-23", "kind": "feature", "headline": "Proposed Partition Of Palestine Is Bitterly Opposed By People", "byline": "Webb Miller, United Press", "excerpt": "Eleven numbered points of Arab rejection, among them: in the proposed Jewish state there live 325,000 Arabs compared with 300,000 Jews; the greater portion of the fertile coastal land has been assigned to the Jewish state, leaving the arid, rocky and infertile mountainous portion to the Arabs; of nearly 1,000,000 Arabs in Palestine, only about 570,000 would fall inside the proposed Arab state. Miller flew to Palestine and back to London to obtain uncensored dispatches.", "themes": [ "palestinian-voice", "partition", "press-censorship", "press-itself" ], "img": "img/n1937pad2.webp", "w": 690, "h": 1108, "year": 1937, "included": true }, { "id": "n1937hitler", "pub": "Indianapolis News", "date": "1937-12-23", "kind": "full-page", "headline": "Arabs Bitterly Determined to Oppose Palestine Partition", "dek": "Filed beneath a year-in-review feature headed \"APRIL, 1937: Hitler Talks of Nazi Need for Those Lost Colonies\"", "excerpt": "The same page carries a dog column by Albert Payson Terhune and a notice that Woodruff Place will hold its annual Yule programme.", "themes": [ "page-adjacency", "partition" ], "img": "img/n1937hitler.webp", "w": 456, "h": 1042, "year": 1937, "included": true }, { "id": "n1938buf", "pub": "The Buffalo News", "date": "1938-07-29", "kind": "feature", "headline": "PALESTINE FACES NEW BLOODSHED", "dek": "Arab-Jewish Conflict Becomes Great Britain's Thorniest Problem", "byline": "Webb Miller, United Press", "excerpt": "Just as futile have been the investigations and recommendations of officials and commissions. An exiled Arab leader: \"We believe the British in desperation are going to try to force partition upon us. We shall never accept. Aside from the fact that the British promised us independence, we object to partition that would leave Arabs only rocky, infertile hill regions unable to support their population.\"", "themes": [ "inquiry-formula", "partition", "palestinian-voice" ], "img": "img/n1938buf.webp", "w": 1260, "h": 1074, "year": 1938, "included": true }, { "id": "n1938pun", "pub": "The Buffalo Times", "date": "1938-08-03", "kind": "article", "headline": "Punitive Measures In Palestine", "dek": "ARAB HOUSES BLOWN UP. Women Used In Search For Stolen Arms.", "excerpt": "Three houses were blown up to-day at Daharia, near Hebron, as a punitive measure. Additional measures against Daharia include a fine of 2,000 pounds, already being collected from the villagers in corn, livestock and other moveables. Thirty male peasants must report themselves at Hebron daily. A number of houses have been marked for demolition corresponding to the number of rifles stolen. For every rifle that is returned one house will be exempted.", "themes": [ "home-demolition", "collective-punishment", "houses-for-rifles" ], "img": "img/n1938pun.webp", "w": 444, "h": 970, "year": 1938, "included": true }, { "id": "n1938cur", "pub": "The Buffalo Times", "date": "1938-08-03", "kind": "headline", "headline": "PALESTINE CURFEW LIFTED BY BRITAIN", "excerpt": "A curfew imposed July 25 when a bomb explosion killed at least 35 and wounded 50 to 60 persons was lifted today, indicating that authorities believed a tense situation arising from Arab-Jewish racial strife was improving.", "themes": [ "curfew" ], "img": "img/n1938cur.webp", "w": 708, "h": 572, "year": 1938, "included": true }, { "id": "n1938wmn", "pub": "Western Morning News", "date": "1938-10-27", "kind": "article", "headline": "18,500 TROOPS IN PALESTINE", "dek": "Close Watch On Roads. JOURNALISTS SHOWN PUNITIVE MEASURE.", "excerpt": "The correspondents were taken on a tour of several miles from Haifa, and witnessed the demolition as a punitive measure of an Arab village near Acre. Sappers expeditiously carried out the demolition. The Royal West Kents occupied the surrounding district while the demolition went on.", "themes": [ "home-demolition", "press-as-instrument", "collective-punishment", "press-itself" ], "img": "img/n1938wmn.webp", "w": 348, "h": 1016, "year": 1938, "included": true }, { "id": "image96", "kind": "banner", "headline": "BRITAIN MOPS UP IN HOLY LAND; 3-YEAR ARAB REVOLT PUT DOWN; PEACE SESSION IN LONDON NEAR", "dek": "Casualties Estimated at 2,000 Dead, 3,000 Wounded in Greatest Uprising Since World War", "caption_fix": { "pub": "The Daily Notes", "date": "1939-01-13", "note": "slide 44 captions swapped; '3-year Arab revolt' dates this to the 1936-39 revolt, not 1917" }, "themes": [ "arab-revolt-1936", "suppression", "death-toll-formula" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Daily Notes", "date": "1939-01-13", "year": 1939, "slide": 44, "file": "image96.png", "img": "img/image96.webp", "w": 678, "h": 306, "included": true }, { "id": "image103", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Arabs to Have Permanent Majority in an Independent Palestine", "note": "The 1939 White Paper promise", "themes": [ "white-paper-1939", "promise-unkept" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Ottawa Citizen", "date": "1939-05-18", "year": 1939, "slide": 45, "file": "image103.png", "img": "img/image103.webp", "w": 658, "h": 60, "included": true }, { "id": "image100", "kind": "headline", "headline": "PALESTINIANS' REAL ATTITUDE TO THE BRITISH PROPOSALS", "dek": "Firmness Should Win Arab and Jewish Co-operation", "note": "Uses the word 'Palestinians' in a 1939 British broadsheet headline", "themes": [ "terminology", "white-paper-1939" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Daily Telegraph", "date": "1939-06-15", "year": 1939, "slide": 45, "file": "image100.png", "img": "img/image100.webp", "w": 658, "h": 156, "included": true }, { "id": "r1940tulsa", "pub": "Tulsa World", "date": "1940-03-06", "kind": "editorial", "headline": "Trouble in Palestine", "excerpt": "On the 1939 restriction of land sales: \"It seems that Arabs became restive over the rapid acquisition of lands by Jews, and the British government ordered cessation of sales.\" Quotes an American appeal: \"This calamitous decree comes at a time when Jews in central and eastern Europe must either emigrate or perish.\"", "themes": [ "editorial-voice", "land-seizure" ], "img": "img/r1940tulsa.webp", "w": 388, "h": 1178, "year": 1940, "included": true }, { "id": "r1945haddad", "pub": "Binghamton Press", "date": "1945-10-27", "kind": "letter-to-editor", "headline": "Rebuttal on Palestine", "byline": "Jerrier A. Haddad, Binghamton, N.Y.", "excerpt": "\"The three replies to my letter of Oct. 2, 1945, have unanimously gone to prove that Americans and the world\u2019s Jewry have been propagandized to the bursting point with half-truths by the Zionists.\" And: \"Let me once more sound my plea that we as Americans insist that our government look into both sides of the question before making any commitments.\"", "note": "An Arab-American reader conducting a multi-round argument in his local letters column in 1945.", "themes": [ "reader-notices", "arab-authorship", "press-itself" ], "img": "img/r1945haddad.webp", "w": 210, "h": 1106, "year": 1945, "included": true }, { "id": "r1946bakram", "pub": "(newspaper unidentified)", "date": "1946-01-01", "kind": "letter-to-editor", "headline": "States the Arab Point of View Concerning Palestine", "byline": "Ann Boggs Bakram", "excerpt": "\"For some time past the newspapers have been full of stories which represent the Zionist viewpoint of the Palestine controversy. The Arab side is completely ignored.\" She invokes the Four Freedoms, the Atlantic Charter and the United Nations Organization.", "caption_fix": { "note": "arrived captioned Register-Guard 1982; the Four Freedoms and \"United Nations Organization\" place it around 1946" }, "date_estimated": true, "themes": [ "reader-notices", "press-itself", "arab-authorship" ], "img": "img/r1946bakram.webp", "w": 146, "h": 1040, "year": 1946, "included": true }, { "id": "r1937letter2", "pub": "Elmira Star-Gazette", "date": "1947-01-01", "kind": "letter-to-editor", "headline": "'America Should Lead in Solving Palestine Problem'", "byline": "E. Marshall Bush, RD 2, Elmira", "excerpt": "\"Neither the Balfour declaration of 1917 nor the British mandate of 1922 made provision for a Jewish state in Palestine. What it did provide for was a Jewish homeland.\" And: \"our government has also not only permitted, but aided in, the collection of funds in this country, part of which have gone to the Jewish underground.\"", "caption_fix": { "pub": "Elmira Star-Gazette", "note": "addressed \"Editor, Star-Gazette\"; content references partition and the UN, placing it around 1947 rather than 1918 as captioned" }, "date_estimated": true, "themes": [ "reader-notices", "partition" ], "img": "img/r1937letter2.webp", "w": 214, "h": 1116, "year": 1947, "included": true }, { "id": "r1947edit", "pub": "(newspaper unidentified)", "date": "1947-01-01", "kind": "editorial", "headline": "Forcing Palestine to Become a World Problem", "excerpt": "\"After a quarter-century\u2019s experience in administering Palestine under mandate originally extended by the now defunct League of Nations, the British government appears helpless to settle upon a policy for the region\u2019s future that would be acceptable to both Arab and Jewish populations.\"", "caption_fix": { "note": "arrived captioned The Recorder 2019; content places it around 1947" }, "date_estimated": true, "themes": [ "editorial-voice", "mandate" ], "img": "img/r1947edit.webp", "w": 800, "h": 860, "year": 1947, "included": true }, { "id": "image124", "kind": "headline", "headline": "JEWS TAKE TWO FORTS FROM ARABS", "dek": "Defenders of El Ramle and Lydda Surrender to Israeli Army After 2-Day Battle. BIGGEST PALESTINE AIRPORT CAPTURED", "wire_group": "lydda-ramle-1948-07", "themes": [ "lydda-ramle", "framing-contrast" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Mt. Vernon Register-News J uly 12", "date": "1948", "year": 1948, "slide": 49, "file": "image124.png", "img": "img/image124.webp", "w": 325, "h": 531, "included": true }, { "id": "image21", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Why the Jews should have Palestine", "themes": [ "pro-zionist-argument", "both-arguments" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Daily Telegraph", "date": "1948-01-24", "year": 1948, "slide": 17, "file": "image21.png", "img": "img/image21.webp", "w": 731, "h": 62, "included": true }, { "id": "image36", "kind": "PAID-AD", "headline": "ZIONIST CLAIM OF \"ORIGIN\" FROM BIBLICAL HEBREWS FALSE", "source_note": "Part of a full-page paid advertisement placed by the League for Peace with Justice in Palestine, PO Box 238 Station V, New York. NOT reportage.", "content_warning": "Khazar race theory; racial pseudoscience citing Ripley's 'The Races of Europe'. Antisemitic.", "themes": [ "paid-advocacy", "race-pseudoscience", "both-arguments" ], "notable": true, "exclude_or_frame": true, "pub": "Chicago Tribune", "date": "1948-02-09", "year": 1948, "slide": 14, "file": "image36.png", "img": "img/image36.webp", "w": 418, "h": 336, "included": true }, { "id": "image23", "kind": "PAID-AD", "headline": "CRISIS NEARS CLIMAX", "dek": "Did United States delegation to the United Nations jeopardize our National Honor and National Security by use of many un-American, non-American, and anti-American ways to win votes needed to recommend Zionist Palestine Partition Plan?", "source_note": "Same League for Peace with Justice in Palestine full-page ad.", "themes": [ "paid-advocacy", "partition" ], "notable": true, "exclude_or_frame": true, "pub": "Chicago Tribune", "date": "1948-02-09", "year": 1948, "slide": 17, "file": "image23.png", "img": "img/image23.webp", "w": 800, "h": 167, "included": true }, { "id": "image40", "kind": "headline", "headline": "ISRAEL CALLS FOR U.N. STEPS TO STOP ARABS", "dek": "Security Council Meets In Extraordinary Session To Discuss War", "caption_fix": { "note": "caption says Chicago Tribune 1948-02-09 but text references 'Israel', so date is post-May 1948; needs verification" }, "themes": [ "un-forum" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Chicago Tribune", "date": "1948-02-09", "year": 1948, "slide": 18, "file": "image40.png", "img": "img/image40.webp", "w": 322, "h": 388, "included": true }, { "id": "image25", "kind": "brief", "headline": "DP's in Germany Can Apply for Palestine", "themes": [ "displaced-persons", "immigration", "both-arguments" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Wisconsin Jewish Chronicle", "date": "1948-03-19", "year": 1948, "slide": 19, "file": "image25.png", "img": "img/image25.webp", "w": 190, "h": 251, "included": true }, { "id": "image32", "kind": "headline", "headline": "U. S. Zionists Will Support Any Plan of Palestine Jews", "dek": "Washington Yielded to Oil Interests, Rabbi Silver Declares", "themes": [ "us-role", "oil-interests", "both-arguments" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Wisconsin Jewish Chronicle", "date": "1948-03-26", "year": 1948, "slide": 20, "file": "image32.png", "img": "img/image32.webp", "w": 254, "h": 249, "included": true }, { "id": "image118", "kind": "headline", "headline": "JEWS RECAPTURE KASTEL IN BATTLE TO RULE HIGHWAY", "dek": "Deir Yassin Also Seized; Women and Children Among 200 Arab Dead", "wire_group": "deir-yassin-1948-04", "framing": "massacre demoted to subhead beneath military-victory headline", "themes": [ "deir-yassin", "framing-contrast" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Morning News", "date": "1948-04-10", "year": 1948, "slide": 47, "file": "image118.png", "img": "img/image118.webp", "w": 244, "h": 280, "included": true }, { "id": "image111", "kind": "banner", "headline": "Les Juifs massacrent 250 femmes et enfants Arabes", "dek": "A Deir Yassin, sur la route de Jerusalem a Tel-Aviv - L'Irgun et la bande Stern infligent des indignites aux survivants - Le village voisin de Kastel pris et repris 10 fois en autant de jours", "wire_group": "deir-yassin-1948-04", "framing": "massacre IS the banner headline", "themes": [ "deir-yassin", "framing-contrast" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Le Devoir", "date": "1948-04-12", "year": 1948, "slide": 47, "file": "image111.png", "img": "img/image111.webp", "w": 564, "h": 304, "included": true }, { "id": "image107", "kind": "banner", "headline": "Arabs Recover Kastel; Jews Ravage Village", "dek": "150 Arab Women and Children Among 250 Slain at Deir Yassin. JEWISH EXTREMISTS BLAMED FOR BLOW", "wire_group": "deir-yassin-1948-04", "themes": [ "deir-yassin", "framing-contrast" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Times Leader", "date": "1948-04-12", "year": 1948, "slide": 48, "file": "image107.png", "img": "img/image107.webp", "w": 313, "h": 481, "included": true }, { "id": "image106", "kind": "brief", "headline": "\"Horrible Massacre\"", "excerpt": "The Jewish extremist groups, Irgun Zvai Leumi and the Stern gang, took Deir Yassin Friday and still are entrenched there. All Arabs and many Jews now describe the Irgun-Stern attack on the village as a 'horrible massacre.' A Red Cross check showed many women and children among the 254 Arab dead there.", "wire_group": "deir-yassin-1948-04", "themes": [ "deir-yassin", "massacre" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Record Journal", "date": "1948-04-12", "year": 1948, "slide": 48, "file": "image106.png", "img": "img/image106.webp", "w": 289, "h": 207, "included": true }, { "id": "image37", "kind": "article", "headline": "Arabs Blame U.S., Iraq Envoy Says", "dek": "Zionist Leader and Minister Debate Palestine Strife At Conference Here", "excerpt": "The Arab people 'hold the American Government principally responsible for the present tragic situation in Palestine,' Amin Mumayiz, minister in the Iraq Embassy at Washington, said. He warned that unless the United States re-established the good will in the Middle East the success of the Marshall plan in Europe would be jeopardized.", "themes": [ "us-role", "palestinian-voice", "debate" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Courier Journal", "date": "1948-04-13", "year": 1948, "slide": 19, "file": "image37.png", "img": "img/image37.webp", "w": 388, "h": 384, "included": true }, { "id": "image105", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Jewish Troops Attack Town Near Haifa", "wire_group": "haifa-1948-04", "themes": [ "haifa", "framing-contrast" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The M'Alester News-Capital", "date": "1948-04-23", "year": 1948, "slide": 50, "file": "image105.png", "img": "img/image105.webp", "w": 606, "h": 237, "included": true }, { "id": "image120", "kind": "headline", "headline": "60,000 Arabs Forced Out of Haifa As Jews Win Military Control", "wire_group": "haifa-1948-04", "framing": "says 'forced out' plainly, same date as image105", "themes": [ "haifa", "expulsion", "framing-contrast" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Idaho Statesman", "date": "1948-04-23", "year": 1948, "slide": 51, "file": "image120.png", "img": "img/image120.webp", "w": 589, "h": 193, "included": true }, { "id": "image112", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Irgun Zvai Leumi Captures Entire Mansheih Quarter of All-Arab Jaffa", "themes": [ "jaffa", "1948-war" ], "notable": false, "pub": "The Expositor", "date": "1948-04-28", "year": 1948, "slide": 51, "file": "image112.png", "img": "img/image112.webp", "w": 378, "h": 84, "included": true }, { "id": "image117", "kind": "headline", "headline": "JEWISH FORCES SEIZE A MILE OF ARAB JAFFA", "themes": [ "jaffa", "1948-war" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Chicago Tribune", "date": "1948-04-29", "year": 1948, "slide": 51, "file": "image117.png", "img": "img/image117.webp", "w": 353, "h": 239, "included": true }, { "id": "r1948brown", "pub": "Elmira Star-Gazette", "date": "1948-05-12", "kind": "column", "headline": "Our Palestine Muddling Lowers U.S. Prestige", "byline": "Constantine Brown, Washington", "excerpt": "\"As it stands we have alienated just about everybody concerned in the Palestine question. The Jews resent American policy in failing to carry through with partition. The Arabs resent our ever having supported partition in the first place. The British resent our efforts to keep them saddled with the burden of the Palestine mandate.\"", "themes": [ "us-role", "editorial-voice" ], "img": "img/r1948brown.webp", "w": 344, "h": 1012, "year": 1948, "included": true }, { "id": "r1948censor", "pub": "Jackson Citizen Patriot", "date": "1948-05-13", "kind": "article", "headline": "Military Censors Hampering News Coverage in Palestine", "byline": "Associated Press, London", "excerpt": "\"An Associated Press survey shows censorship to be strictest in Syria and Lebanon, where all foreign correspondents\u2019 dispatches must pass through the hands of censors. In Palestine Haganah, the Jewish defense force, censors all Jewish papers... AP correspondents filing from Amman have been free to cable their stories without interference, but have been threatened repeatedly with expulsion if they write \u2018unfavorably\u2019 about the government.\"", "note": "A wire service auditing the censorship around it, one week before the declaration.", "themes": [ "press-itself", "censorship" ], "img": "img/r1948censor.webp", "w": 1500, "h": 496, "year": 1948, "included": true }, { "id": "image123", "kind": "feature", "headline": "Jaffa Is a Dead City", "dek": "AMERICAN IN PALESTINE - II - In the Arab port (which surrendered yesterday) this correspondent found only 2000 left of its 70,000 people.", "excerpt": "JAFFA used to be a busy metropolis, 'full of wild taxi drivers, donkey carts and smells of bad sanitation.'", "note": "Published May 14 1948, the day of the Israeli declaration of independence", "themes": [ "nakba", "depopulation", "jaffa" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Boston Globe", "date": "1948-05-14", "year": 1948, "slide": 52, "file": "image123.png", "img": "img/image123.webp", "w": 646, "h": 557, "included": true }, { "id": "image26", "kind": "PAID-AD", "headline": "CRISIS NEARS CLIMAX (full page)", "source_note": "Complete full-page ad. Footer: 'Patriotic individuals and organizations will be gladly supplied with full-size exact reproductions of this full page announcement, free of charges of any kind, in generous quantities, for distribution in their communities... Church groups, veterans posts, fraternal organizations, labor unions, women's clubs, and college students are urged to co-operate.' LEAGUE FOR PEACE WITH JUSTICE IN PALESTINE.", "themes": [ "paid-advocacy", "organized-campaign" ], "notable": true, "exclude_or_frame": true, "pub": "The Baltimore Sun", "date": "1948-05-16", "year": 1948, "slide": 18, "file": "image26.png", "img": "img/image26.webp", "w": 819, "h": 1051, "included": true }, { "id": "r1948tribune", "pub": "The Tribune", "date": "1948-05-27", "kind": "front-page", "headline": "Parched Throats, Hungry Bellies Mark Bathless City of Jerusalem", "byline": "Robert C. Miller, United Press War Correspondent, Amman", "excerpt": "\"I managed to talk, without the intervention of Jewish censors, to about a dozen persons.\" And: \"Correspondents reported conditions very bad but said that strict Jewish Haganah censorship made it impossible to give the complete story.\"", "context_note": "Shares the front page with \"We Won\u2019t Stop Fighting \u2014 Arabs to UN\" and a Carbondale railroader crushed under a freight car.", "themes": [ "press-itself", "censorship", "page-adjacency" ], "img": "img/r1948tribune.webp", "w": 1364, "h": 1104, "year": 1948, "included": true }, { "id": "image94", "kind": "headline", "headline": "They massacred Arab babies", "themes": [ "deir-yassin", "massacre" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Daily Telegraph", "date": "1948-06-12", "year": 1948, "slide": 47, "file": "image94.png", "img": "img/image94.webp", "w": 479, "h": 45, "included": true }, { "id": "image113", "kind": "headline", "headline": "ARABS REPORTED FLEEING 2 TOWNS IN ZION ATTACKS", "dek": "Israeli Troops Close in on Lydda, Er Ramle After Capturing Airport. TRUCE HOPES FADE", "wire_group": "lydda-ramle-1948-07", "framing": "only one of the four to mention the people - and hedged with 'reported'", "themes": [ "lydda-ramle", "framing-contrast", "displacement" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Bridgeport Telegram", "date": "1948-07-11", "year": 1948, "slide": 50, "file": "image113.png", "img": "img/image113.webp", "w": 275, "h": 476, "included": true }, { "id": "image114", "kind": "headline", "headline": "JEWISH ARMIES CAPTURE TOWN", "dek": "Take Lydda After Arab Surrender; Jerusalem Is Bombed", "wire_group": "lydda-ramle-1948-07", "framing": "military capture; expulsion of ~50,000 unmentioned", "themes": [ "lydda-ramle", "framing-contrast" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Telegraph Journal", "date": "1948-07-12", "year": 1948, "slide": 48, "file": "image114.png", "img": "img/image114.webp", "w": 287, "h": 226, "included": true }, { "id": "image108", "kind": "headline", "headline": "JEWS CAPTURE BESIEGED ARAB TOWN OF LYDDA", "dek": "Fall of Twin Village Of Er Ramle Would Open Way for Push on Last Barrier to Holy City", "wire_group": "lydda-ramle-1948-07", "themes": [ "lydda-ramle", "framing-contrast" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Morning News", "date": "1948-07-12", "year": 1948, "slide": 49, "file": "image108.png", "img": "img/image108.webp", "w": 246, "h": 335, "included": true }, { "id": "image45", "kind": "article", "headline": "Israel Victories Shake Arab Morale", "dek": "LATEST CABLE - From our special correspondent in Palestine, Major E. Laserson", "excerpt": "Israeli successes in the Lydda and Ramleh areas are influencing Arab morale considerably. Palestinian Arabs, both in Palestine and abroad, are completely downhearted, and Count Bernadotte's plebiscite - if carried out - might produce most surprising results among Palestinian Arabs.", "themes": [ "1948-war", "lydda-ramle", "both-arguments" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Hebrew Standard", "date": "1948-07-15", "year": 1948, "slide": 20, "file": "image45.png", "img": "img/image45.webp", "w": 547, "h": 377, "included": true }, { "id": "r1948shertok", "pub": "Philadelphia Inquirer", "date": "1948-09-08", "kind": "article", "headline": "Israel Plans to Claim Entire Palestine Area", "byline": "Maurice F. X. Donohue, Inquirer Foreign Correspondent, Tel Aviv", "excerpt": "Foreign Minister Moshe Shertok, interviewed: \"A forthright declaration on the delicate question of Arab DPs came in response to my comment on the systematic destruction I\u2019ve seen of Arab villages and houses, the commandeering of dwelling quarters in Arab cities and the destruction of Arab household goods.\" Shertok: \"The Government does not expect a mass return of the refugees. In the long run they will be happier with their own people.\" And: \"However fair and generous we would have been with the Arab minority, there would always have been complaints... The answer is to remove these points of friction.\"", "note": "An American correspondent puts the destruction of Arab villages to Israel\u2019s foreign minister directly, four months after the declaration, and prints the answer.", "themes": [ "nakba", "right-of-return", "palestinian-voice", "press-itself", "both-arguments" ], "img": "img/r1948shertok.webp", "w": 566, "h": 1078, "year": 1948, "included": true }, { "id": "image116", "kind": "article", "headline": "New Israeli Success in Galilee", "dek": "Lebanese Forces Crushed", "byline": "Major E. Laserson", "themes": [ "1948-war", "galilee", "both-arguments" ], "notable": false, "pub": "The Hebrew Standard of Australasia", "date": "1948-11-04", "year": 1948, "slide": 46, "file": "image116.png", "img": "img/image116.webp", "w": 411, "h": 353, "included": true }, { "id": "image109", "kind": "photo", "headline": "MODERN MADONNA", "excerpt": "An Arab woman comforts her hungry son while awaiting milk distribution by the UN International Children's Emergency Fund. Over 700,000 Palestinian refugees are quartered in an improvised tent city in Lebanon.", "themes": [ "nakba", "refugees", "iconography" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Waukesha County Freeman", "date": "1949-01-12", "year": 1949, "slide": 46, "file": "image109.png", "img": "img/image109.webp", "w": 784, "h": 1200, "included": true }, { "id": "image104", "kind": "brief", "headline": "Palestinian refugees have received from the American Red Cross typhus vaccine sufficient for the inoculation of 450,000 persons", "excerpt": "the disease crops out under abnormal living conditions", "themes": [ "refugees", "disease", "1948-aftermath" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Portland Press Herald", "date": "1949-02-13", "year": 1949, "slide": 45, "file": "image104.png", "img": "img/image104.webp", "w": 358, "h": 278, "included": true }, { "id": "r1955khan", "pub": "Sacramento Union", "date": "1955-01-03", "kind": "letter-to-editor", "headline": "Who Owns Palestine?", "byline": "Anwar Ali Khan", "excerpt": "Replying to a letter from \"country parson\" printed on December 31st. \"It is an incontrovertible fact that Palestine belongs to the Arabs, lock, stock, and barrel.\"", "themes": [ "reader-notices", "arab-authorship" ], "img": "img/r1955khan.webp", "w": 328, "h": 1156, "year": 1955, "included": true }, { "id": "image30", "kind": "front-page", "headline": "U.N. DEMANDS IMMEDIATE CEASE FIRE", "dek": "Israel Claims Smashing Victory In Ground Action / Gaza City Surrenders To Invading Israeli Forces / VOTES 64-5 FOR END OF HOSTILITIES IN EGYPT", "themes": [ "un-resolutions-defied", "gaza-assault" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Daily American Republic", "date": "1956", "year": 1956, "slide": 8, "file": "image30.png", "img": "img/image30.webp", "w": 675, "h": 390, "included": true }, { "id": "image7", "kind": "article", "headline": "Egypt, Israel Hurl Charges In Security Council Notes", "excerpt": "Egypt charged Israel with 'aggression against peaceful civilians' of the towns of Gaza, Khan Yunis and Dier El Balah last Thursday, killing 59 civilians and wounding 93.", "themes": [ "gaza-assault", "civilian-casualties", "un-forum" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Salt Lake Tribune", "date": "1956-04-10", "year": 1956, "slide": 5, "file": "image7.png", "img": "img/image7.webp", "w": 445, "h": 405, "included": true }, { "id": "image256", "kind": "feature", "headline": "Apartheid must grow", "dek": "South Africa's answer:", "byline": "Astley Hawkins, Reuters", "excerpt": "The minister for native affairs, Hendrik Verwoerd, has said that it may take up to 300 years to achieve the total separation of the races... Thousands of Negro families are destined to be moved out of designated white areas, as the Group Areas Act providing for zoned racial living is applied around the country.", "section": "apartheid-parallel", "themes": [ "south-africa", "apartheid" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Leader Post", "date": "1956-06-22", "year": 1956, "slide": 116, "file": "image256.png", "img": "img/image256.webp", "w": 1200, "h": 1039, "included": false, "excluded_reason": "South Africa coverage with no Israel content in the clipping itself" }, { "id": "image22", "kind": "headline", "headline": "U.N. Starts On-the-Spot Inquiry In Israeli Shooting of 30 Arabs", "dek": "Protests Probably Will Be Lodged Over Recent Disturbance at Rafah - Death Reports Differ Widely", "themes": [ "casualty-uncertainty", "un-inquiry", "rafah" ], "notable": true, "pub": "St Louis Post Dispatch", "date": "1956-11", "year": 1956, "slide": 7, "file": "image22.png", "img": "img/image22.webp", "w": 310, "h": 154, "included": true }, { "id": "image11", "kind": "article", "headline": "Troops Remain Along Gaza Strip And Aqaba Gulf", "excerpt": "Israel stood fast in the Gaza Strip and along Egypt's Gulf of Aqaba coast today, defying the U.N. Assembly's sixth resolution calling on her to withdraw her troops behind the 1949 armistice line... The strip, haven for some 200,000 Palestine Arab refugees...", "themes": [ "un-resolutions-defied", "occupation", "refugees" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Solano Napa News Chronicle", "date": "1956-11-02", "year": 1956, "slide": 5, "file": "image11.png", "img": "img/image11.webp", "w": 228, "h": 1200, "included": true }, { "id": "image24", "kind": "banner", "headline": "ISRAEL OCCUPIES ENTIRE GAZA STRIP", "themes": [ "occupation", "gaza" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Daily Item", "date": "1956-11-02", "year": 1956, "slide": 8, "file": "image24.png", "img": "img/image24.webp", "w": 776, "h": 88, "included": true }, { "id": "image14", "kind": "front-page", "headline": "Israeli Seizure of Gaza Equals Bitter World War II Battles", "dek": "'Now We Can Work Fields in Peace'", "caption_fix": { "pub": "The Morning Call", "date": "1956-11-03", "note": "masthead reads Morning Call, Allentown PA, Nov 3 1956; slide caption pairing swapped with Birmingham Post 1967" }, "themes": [ "gaza-assault", "press-framing" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Morning Call", "date": "1956-11-03", "year": 1956, "slide": 9, "file": "image14.png", "img": "img/image14.webp", "w": 819, "h": 1164, "included": true }, { "id": "image9", "kind": "front-page", "headline": "Israelis claim key town taken", "dek": "Troops, tanks, planes attack in Gaza strip / Britain not to take sides-Brown / Battle for control of UN building", "themes": [ "gaza-assault" ], "notable": false, "pub": "The Morning Call", "date": "1956-11-03", "year": 1956, "slide": 9, "file": "image9.png", "img": "img/image9.webp", "w": 460, "h": 405, "included": true }, { "id": "k1956sfc", "pub": "San Francisco Chronicle", "date": "1956-12-15", "kind": "article", "headline": "Arabs Accuse Israel, Ask U.N. Probe", "byline": "New York Herald Tribune Service", "excerpt": "Representatives of 11 Arab nations asked Secretary General Dag Hammarskjold to investigate the recent slaying of Arab inhabitants of Israel. The Arab bloc called the U.N. chief\u2019s attention to \"the crime of Genocide\" October 29, when Israeli border policemen killed 48 Arabs in the village of Kafr Kassem.", "note": "Forty-seven days after the killings. It reaches American readers because Arab states raised it at the United Nations, not because a correspondent found it.", "wire_group": "kafr-qasim", "themes": [ "kafr-qasim", "censorship", "un-forum", "press-itself" ], "img": "img/k1956sfc.webp", "w": 284, "h": 884, "year": 1956, "included": true }, { "id": "image20", "kind": "article", "headline": "GAZA STRIP WILL NOT GO TO EGYPT - says Ben-Gurion", "excerpt": "Ben-Gurion declared that 'under no circumstances' would Israel agree to allow the 'Egyptian invader' to return to the Gaza strip. The acting Secretary-General of the Arab League, Raif Ballama, accused Israel of 'murdering 2,150 Arabs in Israeli-occupied Egyptian territory.' 'The Israelis killed 1,400 Arabs at Khan Yunis and another 750 from Rafah.'", "themes": [ "gaza-assault", "massacre-allegation", "annexation", "both-arguments" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Bolton News", "date": "1956-12-19", "year": 1956, "slide": 6, "file": "image20.png", "img": "img/image20.webp", "w": 657, "h": 390, "included": true }, { "id": "image6", "kind": "article", "headline": "Rear Attack By Israeli Clears Gaza Territory", "dek": "Eyewitness Report", "excerpt": "I heard the orders go out to the troops to smash the remaining Egyptian troops in Gaza, but strive at all costs not to hit civilian sectors of the town... NO ACCURATE estimate of casualties on either side was available at this time.", "themes": [ "gaza-assault", "casualty-uncertainty" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Escanaba Daily Press", "date": "1957", "year": 1957, "slide": 5, "file": "image6.png", "img": "img/image6.webp", "w": 322, "h": 339, "included": true }, { "id": "image145", "kind": "photo", "headline": "Arab Refugee Families from Palestine Stranded in Gaza Camp", "dek": "GAZA PROBLEM CHILDREN: Arab children marching from school at Jabalia refugee camp in Gaza are displaced Palestinians caught in bitter controversy between Israel and Egypt", "wire_group": "jabalia-wirephoto-1957", "note": "Same AP wirephoto as image161, different paper, different caption", "themes": [ "jabalia", "wire-framing", "dehumanizing-label" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Syracuse Herald Journal", "date": "1957-04-07", "year": 1957, "slide": 68, "file": "image145.png", "img": "img/image145.webp", "w": 819, "h": 373, "included": true }, { "id": "image147", "kind": "photo", "headline": "This Arab mother, a displaced Palestinian, spoons food for her child in hospital at the Jabalia refugee camp in Gaza", "excerpt": "Food was from supplies provided by United Nations officials. U.N. troops guard the border with Israel, which has been the scene of many Egyptian-Israeli fights.", "themes": [ "jabalia", "hunger" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Indianapolis Star", "date": "1957-04-07", "year": 1957, "slide": 69, "file": "image147.png", "img": "img/image147.webp", "w": 353, "h": 470, "included": true }, { "id": "image137", "kind": "excerpt", "headline": "Take a typical day in one of the eight refugee camps set up and operated by UNRWA in the strip", "excerpt": "The Jabalia camp, in the northern portion of the strip, has about 20,000 inhabitants living in a total of some 5,000 rooms. In addition, 2,000 refugees living just outside the camp fall under its jurisdiction.", "caption_fix": { "note": "uncaptioned; 1957-60 era by content" }, "themes": [ "jabalia", "density" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Syracuse Herald Journal", "date": "1957-04-07", "year": 1957, "slide": 66, "file": "image137.png", "img": "img/image137.webp", "w": 270, "h": 185, "date_estimated": true, "included": true }, { "id": "image143", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Hunger, Disease Lot Of Gaza Refugees", "dek": "200,000 Trapped in Strip Get Scanty Rations from UN Agency", "formula": "siege-starvation", "themes": [ "hunger", "refugees" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Vancouver Sun", "date": "1957-04-12", "year": 1957, "slide": 66, "file": "image143.png", "img": "img/image143.webp", "w": 523, "h": 276, "included": true }, { "id": "image161", "kind": "photo", "headline": "IN THE MIDDLE", "excerpt": "This is Main Street in the Jabalia refugee camp for Arabs in Gaza, as it now looks. Jabalia is in the disputed strip between Israel on the north and Egypt on the south. In Jabalia 20,000 displaced Palestinians live in about 5,000 rooms. The camp is operated by the United Nations. Note the little girl in the center taking a nap in the sun.", "wire_group": "jabalia-wirephoto-1957", "themes": [ "jabalia" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Eugene Guard", "date": "1957-04-12", "year": 1957, "slide": 67, "file": "image161.png", "img": "img/image161.webp", "w": 646, "h": 556, "included": true }, { "id": "k1957anniv", "pub": "Buffalo Jewish Review", "date": "1957-11-08", "kind": "article", "headline": "Communists Clash With Police In Demonstration On Kfar Kassem", "byline": "Jewish Telegraphic Agency, Tel Aviv", "excerpt": "Communist efforts to exploit the first anniversary of the slaying of 49 Arabs in Kfar Kassem village led to a police crackdown in which many Communists were arrested. The first was an attempt by Tewfik Toubi, Communist Arab member of the Knesset, to break into the Arab village despite a police cordon.", "note": "The first anniversary reported as a story about Communists rather than about the dead.", "wire_group": "kafr-qasim", "themes": [ "kafr-qasim", "framing-contrast", "both-arguments" ], "img": "img/k1957anniv.webp", "w": 578, "h": 1056, "year": 1957, "included": true }, { "id": "k1957gaz", "pub": "The Evening Gazette", "date": "1957-11-15", "kind": "feature", "headline": "Myths About Palestine Widespread", "dek": "ARAB IMAGE SUFFERS", "byline": "Antoine B. Zahlan, chairman, Department of Physics, American University of Beirut", "excerpt": "Replying to a rabbi\u2019s letter printed in the same forum. \"It is untrue that Palestine was an empty land when Zionist colonization began; Arab men, women and children were living there as they always had.\" On the claim that Palestinians left of their own accord: \"The truth, that Arabs fled from terrorism perpetrated against defenseless people such as those of Deir Yassin, a village near Jerusalem, is contained in the statement of a British Middle East authority.\"", "note": "An Arab academic given space to argue point by point in an American paper, 1957.", "themes": [ "arab-authorship", "palestinian-voice", "deir-yassin", "colonial-vocabulary" ], "img": "img/k1957gaz.webp", "w": 1012, "h": 1112, "year": 1957, "included": true }, { "id": "k1957village", "pub": "The Evening Gazette", "date": "1957-11-15", "kind": "brief", "headline": "Village Named", "excerpt": "The two officers and seven enlisted men are accused of shooting the Arabs at the village of Kfar Kassem when the villagers, men, women and children, were found outside their homes in violation of an all-night curfew. The incident occurred immediately after Israel launched its Sinai campaign but was not disclosed officially until Dec. 12.", "note": "The suppression stated plainly in the paper\u2019s own words: the killings were 29 October, the official disclosure 12 December.", "wire_group": "kafr-qasim", "themes": [ "kafr-qasim", "censorship", "press-itself" ], "img": "img/k1957village.webp", "w": 628, "h": 610, "year": 1957, "included": true }, { "id": "k1957comp", "pub": "Buffalo Jewish Review", "date": "1957-11-22", "kind": "article", "headline": "Israel to Pay Compensation to Heirs of Arabs Killed in Kfar Kassem", "byline": "Jewish Telegraphic Agency, Jerusalem", "excerpt": "A special commission has recommended the Israel Government pay 5,000 pounds compensation to the heirs of every man and woman killed. The Arabs were returning from the fields the evening of the day the Israeli Army opened the Sinai drive. Unaware of a curfew imposed on the area in their absence, they panicked when suddenly faced by an Israeli military patrol which ordered them to halt. They turned and ran and the soldier, under orders of a lieutenant, opened fire.", "wire_group": "kafr-qasim", "themes": [ "kafr-qasim", "compensation", "both-arguments" ], "img": "img/k1957comp.webp", "w": 596, "h": 1016, "year": 1957, "included": true }, { "id": "image156", "kind": "photo", "headline": "Plea For Forgotten People", "dek": "Mother With Sick Child, Camp Jabalia, Gaza", "themes": [ "forgotten-formula", "jabalia" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Courier Journal", "date": "1960-12-11", "year": 1960, "slide": 69, "file": "image156.png", "img": "img/image156.webp", "w": 358, "h": 448, "included": true }, { "id": "image257", "kind": "feature", "headline": "Apartheid: How Racism Operates In South Africa", "dek": "The Prospects Are For A Continent-Wide Explosion / It Did Happen Here, by Irving Dilliard", "excerpt": "Apartheid is an abbreviated term for 'aparte ontwikkeling' which, the government says, means 'separate development.' It differs from discrimination existing in other lands. Apartheid is deliberate state policy, specifically designed to maintain totalitarian white domination of the country.", "section": "apartheid-parallel", "themes": [ "south-africa", "apartheid", "us-parallel" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Gazette and Daily", "date": "1963-10-28", "year": 1963, "slide": 117, "file": "image257.png", "img": "img/image257.webp", "w": 1200, "h": 712, "included": false, "excluded_reason": "South Africa coverage with no Israel content in the clipping itself" }, { "id": "image255", "kind": "feature", "headline": "Racism Still Prevails In South Africa", "byline": "Neil J. Smith, UPI", "dek": "'Great Decisions 1965' series - South Africa: Threat To Peace?", "section": "apartheid-parallel", "themes": [ "south-africa", "apartheid" ], "notable": false, "pub": "The Patriot Ledger", "date": "1965-02-27", "year": 1965, "slide": 118, "file": "image255.png", "img": "img/image255.webp", "w": 1160, "h": 1050, "included": false, "excluded_reason": "South Africa coverage with no Israel content in the clipping itself" }, { "id": "image28", "kind": "feature", "headline": "A Solution for Palestinians?", "byline": "Martin Goldfarb, The Southern Israelite", "context_note": "Runs alongside a lingerie advertisement and an appliance-store ad reading 'Don't Cook This Sat!' - the banal adjacency of the American page", "themes": [ "solutions-discourse" ], "notable": false, "pub": "The Toronto Star", "date": "1967-06-07", "year": 1967, "slide": 15, "file": "image28.png", "img": "img/image28.webp", "w": 179, "h": 400, "included": true }, { "id": "image34", "kind": "feature", "headline": "The Endlessly Embattled Land Of Palestine", "excerpt": "The bloody story of Palestine does not go back 10, 20, or even 100 years. It reaches over nineteen centuries of fact and legend, exile and homecoming, death and destruction. But the events of our time have their cause mainly in the past 50 years, a period which must be understood if the present is to make any sense.", "photo_caption": "ELEVEN YEARS AGO, left homeless in 1956 after the Suez war drove them from their home in Israel, these Arab children queued for food in a Jordan refugee camp. Accepting barbed wire enclosures as normal barriers to the outside world, many of them grew up to join the Palestine Liberation Force which, just last week, once again found itself on the losing side in a Middle East conflagration. Today, after the Israeli armies swept once again across Arabian territory, many more such refugees face the prospect of life in camps, perhaps dreaming of the day they will take up arms in the unending Middle East conflict.", "note": "A 1967 paper stating this project's thesis, and predicting the cycle's continuation", "themes": [ "cycle", "long-history-argument", "refugees" ], "notable": true, "keystone": true, "pub": "The Calgary Herald", "date": "1967-06-14", "year": 1967, "slide": 16, "file": "image34.png", "img": "img/image34.webp", "w": 601, "h": 276, "included": true }, { "id": "image29", "kind": "feature", "headline": "A Distinguished Historian Views the Mideast Crisis", "dek": "The Arab-Israeli Conflict: Its History and Its Prospects, by Prof. Arnold J. Toynbee. 'U.S. Has Made Arabs Pay for Germany's Crime Against Jews' / The Arabs Must Recognize That Israel Is a Fact", "excerpt": "EXODUS FROM ISRAEL - Arab refugees from the west bank of the Jordan River trudge toward Amman, capital of Jordan, on road halfway between the river and the city.", "themes": [ "historian-analysis", "refugees", "displacement" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Arizona Republic", "date": "1967-06-18", "year": 1967, "slide": 11, "file": "image29.png", "img": "img/image29.webp", "w": 666, "h": 412, "included": true }, { "id": "image13", "kind": "feature", "headline": "The Arabs' View of the conflict's history (Toynbee)", "excerpt": "In 1918, 90 per cent of the population of Palestine was Arab... Since 1918, a militant and aggressive foreign body has been thrust into the heart of our Arab world. This has been done, against our protests, by force of arms - British force until, under the protection of British bayonets, the Zionist Jewish intruders had built up sufficient force of their own... Our fate has been that 900,000 Palestinian Arabs (there are more than a million of these now) have been forcibly deprived of their homes and property and have been turned into refugees, living on a dole. Any Palestinian Arab refugee who tries to return home and resume possession of his property is shot by the Israelis... The Palestinian Arabs who have not lost their homes are being treated by the Israelis, under whose rule they have fallen, as penalized second-class citizens.", "themes": [ "displacement", "right-of-return", "second-class-citizenship", "both-arguments" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Arizona Republic", "date": "1967-06-18", "year": 1967, "slide": 12, "file": "image13.png", "img": "img/image13.webp", "w": 818, "h": 561, "included": true }, { "id": "image18", "kind": "headline", "headline": "'U.S. Has Made Arabs Pay for Germany's Crime Against Jews'", "themes": [ "historian-analysis", "us-role" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Arizona Republic", "date": "1967-06-18", "year": 1967, "slide": 13, "file": "image18.png", "img": "img/image18.webp", "w": 233, "h": 132, "included": true }, { "id": "image91", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Key to Solution in Mideast Rests on Fate of Refugees", "themes": [ "refugees", "unresolved" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Flint Journal", "date": "1967-06-18", "year": 1967, "slide": 14, "file": "image91.png", "img": "img/image91.webp", "w": 737, "h": 170, "included": true }, { "id": "image121", "kind": "article", "headline": "Under Merciless Sun, River Of Sorrow", "dek": "Thousands Flee Israelis Into Jordan", "excerpt": "All day long under the merciless sun, war's tragic river of sorrow flowed down toward the... Israel's two decades old refugee problem has almost dissolved into King Hussein's refugee problem.", "themes": [ "1967-displacement", "refugees" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Herald Sun", "date": "1967-06-19", "year": 1967, "slide": 53, "file": "image121.png", "img": "img/image121.webp", "w": 739, "h": 105, "included": true }, { "id": "image122", "kind": "photo", "headline": "Arabs Crossing River", "excerpt": "An Arab couple with their child make their way across the bombed-out Allenby Bridge over the Jordan River at Jericho to the east bank of the river. They were among Arab refugees heading into Jordan away from the Israeli occupation on the west bank of the river.", "themes": [ "1967-displacement" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Herald Sun", "date": "1967-06-19", "year": 1967, "slide": 53, "file": "image122.png", "img": "img/image122.webp", "w": 248, "h": 443, "included": true }, { "id": "image253", "kind": "article", "headline": "Strong Apartheid Laws Geared To Resettle South Africans", "byline": "Bernardi Wessels, AP", "excerpt": "The laws form part of a master plan to resettle Africans in special reserves and carve up the country into black-and white-owned areas... At all times Africans have to carry a special pass permitting them to be in an urban area. Arrest could follow if it is not produced for an inquiring policeman... Ultimately the government envisages a South Africa divided into white and ethnically grouped black areas.", "section": "apartheid-parallel", "themes": [ "south-africa", "apartheid", "permits", "resettlement" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Register", "date": "1967-06-28", "year": 1967, "slide": 116, "file": "image253.png", "img": "img/image253.webp", "w": 798, "h": 956, "included": false, "excluded_reason": "South Africa coverage with no Israel content in the clipping itself" }, { "id": "image27", "kind": "front-page", "headline": "Dayan Says Gaza Strip Will Be Part of Israel", "dek": "Comment Angrily Attacked", "excerpt": "Dayan said in Gaza: 'The Gaza Strip is Israel, and I think it should become an integral part of the country.' Jordan's U.N. delegation, Ambassador Muhammad H. el Farra: 'This is part and parcel of the expansionist designs of Zionism.' He added that the 'dreams of Zionism' for acquiring more lands and displacing more people will not be fulfilled.'", "context_note": "Shares the front page with Vietnam: 'Record Bomb Drop Inflicted on Enemy' and a Marine homecoming photo", "themes": [ "annexation", "gaza", "expansion", "palestinian-voice", "both-arguments" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Corpus Christi Caller Times", "date": "1967-07-06", "year": 1967, "slide": 10, "file": "image27.png", "img": "img/image27.webp", "w": 819, "h": 887, "included": true }, { "id": "image17", "kind": "article", "headline": "Israel Reveals Plan To Annex Gaza", "dek": "Arabs Balk At Zionist Expansion", "themes": [ "annexation", "gaza" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Guam Daily News", "date": "1967-07-07", "year": 1967, "slide": 10, "file": "image17.png", "img": "img/image17.webp", "w": 195, "h": 337, "included": true }, { "id": "image38", "kind": "full-page-explainer", "headline": "The story of a 2,000-year crisis", "dek": "Palestine saga of blood and sand", "excerpt": "A bitter legacy of the war was the expulsion of several hundred thousand Palestine Arabs from their villages to slums on the outskirts of cities in Lebanon, Syria and Jordan and to the Gaza strip. Natural increase brought the refugee population to over 1,000,000 - fertile soil for fanatical anti-Israel agitation by Arab nationalism.", "note": "A full-page history primer - Herzl, Balfour, Wingate, Irgun, Bernadotte's assassination, Suez - run in a Texas daily in 1967. Uses the word 'expulsion'.", "themes": [ "explainer", "expulsion", "information-was-available" ], "notable": true, "keystone": true, "pub": "Austin American Statesman", "date": "1967-08-05", "year": 1967, "slide": 15, "file": "image38.png", "img": "img/image38.webp", "w": 550, "h": 1200, "included": true }, { "id": "image33", "kind": "feature", "headline": "PALESTINE and ISRAEL", "dek": "Arab leaders have been meeting in Khartoum to discuss policy towards Israel after the Middle East war. Here ALBERT HOURANI, Director of the Middle East Centre at St Antony's College, Oxford, describes the problem of Palestine and Israel as the Arabs see it.", "excerpt": "Photo caption: Palestinian Arabs fleeing along the road out of Bethlehem earlier this year. Includes three-map sequence: UN partition plan rejected by Arabs; Israel after 1948 armistice; territory occupied after 1967.", "themes": [ "maps-shrinking-land", "displacement", "arab-analysis" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Observer", "date": "1967-09-03", "year": 1967, "slide": 13, "file": "image33.png", "img": "img/image33.webp", "w": 813, "h": 268, "included": true }, { "id": "image31", "kind": "article", "headline": "Gaza Refugees Cross Border", "dek": "Israeli Officials Remove Restrictions on Travel", "themes": [ "refugees", "movement-restriction" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Corpus Christi Caller Times", "date": "1967-09-07", "year": 1967, "slide": 11, "file": "image31.png", "img": "img/image31.webp", "w": 179, "h": 357, "included": true }, { "id": "image247", "kind": "headline", "headline": "South Africa Premier Rests on Apartheid As Solid Way of Life", "section": "apartheid-parallel", "themes": [ "south-africa", "apartheid" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Lansing State Journal", "date": "1967-09-13", "year": 1967, "slide": 115, "file": "image247.png", "img": "img/image247.webp", "w": 632, "h": 312, "included": false, "excluded_reason": "South Africa coverage with no Israel content in the clipping itself" }, { "id": "image254", "kind": "OPINION-DEFENSE", "headline": "Apartheid - A Positive Appraisal", "byline": "Wilhelm Ropke (Fragments)", "excerpt": "The South African Negro is a man of an utterly different race and level of civilization than the white... Apartheid is such an attempt. It is a separation of the races in order to solve various ethnic problems... One of the most intelligent and just appreciations of apartheid is found in the works of a Zionist author, Paul Giniewski, who emphasizes that Zionism is basically an application of the same principle of pure ethnic separation, as regards the relationship between the Israelis and the Arabs. This, Israel has in common with South Africa: because of her policy, she, too, has to justify herself in the eyes of the world.", "content_warning": "An explicit pro-apartheid essay containing racist claims. Must be framed as such.", "note": "The Israel-apartheid comparison drawn in 1967 BY A DEFENDER OF APARTHEID, approvingly, citing a Zionist author making the same comparison. The single most striking document in the archive.", "section": "apartheid-comparison", "themes": [ "south-africa", "apartheid", "israel-comparison" ], "notable": true, "keystone": true, "pub": "The Turlock Journal", "date": "1967-12-02", "year": 1967, "slide": 119, "file": "image254.png", "img": "img/image254.webp", "w": 1066, "h": 922, "included": true }, { "id": "r1969commandos", "pub": "The Star Press", "date": "1969-04-28", "kind": "feature", "headline": "Commandos Dedicated to Uniting Palestine Arabs", "excerpt": "\"In the 1948 Palestine war Israel took about 3,000 square miles more territory than the United Nations resolution of November 29, 1947, gave her. About a million of today\u2019s evicted Arab refugees date from that time \u2014 20 years ago.\"", "themes": [ "refugees", "displacement" ], "img": "img/r1969commandos.webp", "w": 1500, "h": 645, "year": 1969, "included": true }, { "id": "image152", "kind": "photo-essay", "headline": "Jabalia is one of eight crowded Arab refugee camps in the Gaza Strip", "excerpt": "Within its boundaries live 33,000 persons in a bleak, day-to-day existence aggravated by the tension and hostility of the country they now call home. UNDER THE WATCHFUL EYES of an Israeli soldier, Arab women hurry by with bags of cotton on their heads. CHILDREN PLAY in the shadow of a demolished Gaza Strip building. Schools were reopened recently after being shut down for two months following anti-Israeli demonstrations. YOUNGSTER licks the spoon while eating his daily ration of beans and peas. HAPPY DAY arrives when Jabalia refugees collect monthly supplies from the United Nations distribution center.", "themes": [ "jabalia", "photo-essay" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Lompoc Record", "date": "1969-12-02", "year": 1969, "slide": 70, "file": "image152.png", "img": "img/image152.webp", "w": 718, "h": 1200, "included": true }, { "id": "image160", "kind": "headline", "headline": "What to Do With 400,000 Refugees", "dek": "TAMING THE GAZA STRIP", "note": "The word 'taming' in a 1971 American headline", "themes": [ "colonial-vocabulary", "refugees" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Morning Union", "date": "1971-08-25", "year": 1971, "slide": 71, "file": "image160.png", "img": "img/image160.webp", "w": 855, "h": 120, "included": true }, { "id": "image171", "kind": "article", "headline": "Bulldozers in Jabalia", "byline": "John de St. Jorre, Special to The Union, First of Two Parts", "excerpt": "A little over a week ago, at 8 o'clock in the morning, a giant bulldozer nosed its way into Jabalia camp in the Gaza Strip and methodically began to reduce to rubble houses that Palestinian refugees had lived in for almost 20 years. The operation was watched by senior Israeli army officers and protected by an unusual display of force. The occupants of the houses had been warned beforehand but many refused to leave their homes. In order to avoid burying them alive, the Israeli soldiers went into the houses and drove them out with blows from sticks and batons. Within a few days a swath 30 yards wide and 100 yards...", "caption_fix": { "note": "uncaptioned; pairs with image160, The Morning Union 1971-08-25" }, "themes": [ "home-demolition", "jabalia", "1971" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Morning Union", "date": "1971-08-25", "year": 1971, "slide": 71, "file": "image171.png", "img": "img/image171.webp", "w": 460, "h": 306, "date_estimated": true, "included": true }, { "id": "image158", "kind": "photo", "headline": "Arab women in the Jabalia refugee camp get their UN-supplied food", "excerpt": "They have been living there for 25 years ... They want to go back.", "themes": [ "jabalia", "right-of-return" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Newsday", "date": "1973-05-27", "year": 1973, "slide": 72, "file": "image158.png", "img": "img/image158.webp", "w": 604, "h": 460, "included": true }, { "id": "k1973kenosha", "pub": "Kenosha News", "date": "1973-10-26", "kind": "full-page", "headline": "Arabs and Jews: To whom was the \"Promised Land\" promised?", "dek": "An historical perspective on the Middle East war", "byline": "Robert Cochnar", "excerpt": "Carries a three-map sequence: Palestine 1929, the UN partition plan of 1947, and Israel 1948 to 1967.", "context_note": "The page is shared with Town \u2018N\u2019 Country supermarket advertisements: Schlitz, Cutty Sark, Halloween costumes, baby parakeets, trash bags.", "themes": [ "maps-shrinking-land", "page-adjacency", "explainer" ], "img": "img/k1973kenosha.webp", "w": 937, "h": 1500, "year": 1973, "included": true }, { "id": "image196", "kind": "headline", "headline": "A Free Palestine", "dek": "Some proposals for a secure peace to include the forgotten Arabs", "note": "'the forgotten Arabs' - 1973", "themes": [ "forgotten-formula" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Courier Journal", "date": "1973-12-30", "year": 1973, "slide": 89, "file": "image196.png", "img": "img/image196.webp", "w": 466, "h": 175, "included": true }, { "id": "image126", "kind": "banner", "headline": "ISRAEL ATTACKS LEBANON IN REPRISAL", "dek": "Warplanes Strike Palestinian Refugee Camps", "themes": [ "lebanon", "refugee-camps-bombed", "reprisal-framing" ], "notable": true, "pub": "El Paso Herald-Post", "date": "1974-05-16", "year": 1974, "slide": 54, "file": "image126.png", "img": "img/image126.webp", "w": 929, "h": 109, "included": true }, { "id": "image127", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Palestinian Refugee Camps Breeding Places For Terrorists", "note": "Same year as image126 - the justification formula paired with the act", "themes": [ "justification-framing", "dehumanization" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Lexington Herald-Leader", "date": "1974-07-25", "year": 1974, "slide": 54, "file": "image127.png", "img": "img/image127.webp", "w": 808, "h": 40, "included": true }, { "id": "image128", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Israeli warplanes hit refugee camps", "themes": [ "refugee-camps-bombed" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Press-Tribune", "date": "1974-12-12", "year": 1974, "slide": 50, "file": "image128.png", "img": "img/image128.webp", "w": 796, "h": 269, "included": true }, { "id": "r1975kissinger", "pub": "Courier-Journal", "date": "1975-08-19", "kind": "article", "headline": "Kissinger's current peace effort stirring debate among Israelis", "context_note": "The same page carries a box headed OMBUDSMAN \u2014 the Courier-Journal was the first American newspaper to employ one, from 1967. The column itself is cropped out of this clipping.", "themes": [ "peace-process", "press-itself" ], "img": "img/r1975kissinger.webp", "w": 1350, "h": 890, "year": 1975, "included": true }, { "id": "n1975okla", "pub": "Daily Oklahoman", "date": "1975-11-11", "kind": "article", "headline": "Resolutions Set U.N. Stage for Vote on Zionism as Racism", "excerpt": "Two pro-Palestinian resolutions passed: one stressing the right of Palestinians to return to their homes and property, 93 to 18; one calling for PLO participation in all UN Middle East deliberations, 101 to 8. The United States voted against both. The U.S. House of Representatives, 436 of its 437 members, asked the assembly to reject the resolution.", "context_note": "The page shares its columns with advertisements for Young Frankenstein, Rollerball, The Giant Spider Invasion and the Righteous Brothers at the Sports Page Club.", "themes": [ "un-votes", "us-role", "right-of-return", "page-adjacency" ], "img": "img/n1975okla.webp", "w": 1400, "h": 788, "year": 1975, "included": true }, { "id": "k1975knox", "pub": "Knoxville News-Sentinel", "date": "1975-11-19", "kind": "letter-to-editor", "headline": "Palestinians Called Victims of Zionism", "byline": "Jim Harb, 2301 Laurel Ave", "excerpt": "A reader answering the paper\u2019s editorial of 12 November. He quotes Herzl\u2019s diaries on spiriting \"the penniless population across the border,\" Golda Meir\u2019s \"There was no such thing as Palestinians,\" Moshe Dayan at the Technion on Jewish villages built on the sites of Arab villages, and the Red Cross count of 254 dead at Deir Yassin. \"What is terrible about the Zionists is that the creation of the State of Israel occurred at the expense of the Palestinian people.\"", "note": "A reader in Knoxville, writing under his own name and street address, laying out the case with citations.", "themes": [ "reader-notices", "arab-authorship", "palestinian-voice", "deir-yassin", "press-itself", "both-arguments" ], "img": "img/k1975knox.webp", "w": 602, "h": 1082, "year": 1975, "included": true }, { "id": "r1975knoxletter", "pub": "Knoxville News-Sentinel", "date": "1975-11-19", "kind": "letter-to-editor", "headline": "Palestinians Called Victims of Zionism", "byline": "Jim Harb, 2301 Laurel Ave", "excerpt": "Answering the paper\u2019s editorial of 12 November. Quotes Herzl\u2019s diaries on spiriting \"the penniless population across the border,\" Golda Meir\u2019s \"There was no such thing as Palestinians,\" Dayan at the Technion on Jewish villages built on the sites of Arab villages, and the Red Cross count of 254 dead at Deir Yassin.", "caption_fix": { "pub": "Knoxville News-Sentinel", "note": "addressed \"EDITOR, The News-Sentinel\"; adjacent columns date the page to November 1975" }, "themes": [ "reader-notices", "arab-authorship", "deir-yassin", "press-itself", "both-arguments" ], "img": "img/r1975knoxletter.webp", "w": 1500, "h": 581, "year": 1975, "included": true }, { "id": "n1975consul", "pub": "The Morning Call", "date": "1975-12-01", "kind": "article", "headline": "Consul deplores equating Zionism with racism", "byline": "Dick Cowen", "excerpt": "Emanuel Shimoni, Israeli consul general in Philadelphia, on the proposed 2.3 billion dollars in US aid, which includes at least 1.5 billion for the purchase of arms in the United States, 100 million for a new defensive line in the Sinai, and 300 million to cushion the loss of the Sinai oil wells returned to Egypt.", "themes": [ "us-aid", "us-role", "both-arguments" ], "img": "img/n1975consul.webp", "w": 1400, "h": 550, "year": 1975, "included": true }, { "id": "n1975harris", "pub": "Longview Daily News", "date": "1975-12-15", "kind": "infographic", "headline": "Americans disagree with U.N. on Zionism as racism", "dek": "The Harris Survey", "excerpt": "A 49 to 24 per cent plurality disapproved of the resolution, but 42 per cent were either unsure or had not followed the event. Disapproval rose with education: 30 per cent among those with eighth-grade schooling or less, 66 per cent among college graduates. On a straight sympathy question between Israelis and Arabs, the margin was eight to one pro-Israel, up from five to one that summer.", "themes": [ "american-opinion", "polling", "how-america-was-taught", "both-arguments" ], "img": "img/n1975harris.webp", "w": 588, "h": 854, "year": 1975, "included": true }, { "id": "n1975unesco", "pub": "Times Record", "date": "1975-12-18", "kind": "article", "headline": "Arabs push UNESCO through resolution vote", "dek": "'Zionism equals racism'", "themes": [ "un-votes" ], "img": "img/n1975unesco.webp", "w": 1400, "h": 432, "year": 1975, "included": true }, { "id": "image236", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Israel's Ominous Role in Lebanon", "themes": [ "lebanon" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Oakland Tribune", "date": "1976-04-03", "year": 1976, "slide": 115, "file": "image236.png", "img": "img/image236.webp", "w": 1200, "h": 125, "included": true }, { "id": "r1977plo", "pub": "The News and Advance", "date": "1977-06-06", "kind": "article", "headline": "Israel, PLO In Touch", "byline": "William R. Frye, U.N. Correspondent", "excerpt": "On secret talks in Paris. Names Said Hammami, the PLO representative in London, and Issam Sartawi, an aide. Israeli participants included Maj. Gen. Mattityahu Peled.", "note": "Both named PLO negotiators were later assassinated.", "themes": [ "peace-process", "palestinian-voice" ], "img": "img/r1977plo.webp", "w": 672, "h": 1104, "year": 1977, "included": true }, { "id": "r1977toledano", "pub": "The News and Advance", "date": "1977-06-06", "kind": "column", "headline": "West Bank Belongs To Jewish Homeland", "byline": "Ralph de Toledano", "themes": [ "editorial-voice", "annexation", "both-arguments" ], "img": "img/r1977toledano.webp", "w": 1434, "h": 904, "year": 1977, "included": true }, { "id": "k1978omaha", "pub": "Omaha World-Herald", "date": "1978-10-22", "kind": "feature", "headline": "Four Million Palestinian Refugees \u2018Alienated, Dispossessed, Amputated\u2019", "byline": "Hatem I. Hussaini, acting director, Palestine Information Office, Washington DC", "excerpt": "The paper\u2019s own introduction: \"Americans generally have heard and heard more about the Israeli point of view than about that of the Palestinians. Supporters of the Palestinians have contended that their side of the story has not been adequately told. In answer to this, The World-Herald sought out the writer, who provided this commentary.\"", "note": "The same newspaper Sara Pahl writes to in 2018 asking why it carries no coverage. Forty years earlier it went looking for a Palestinian to write for it.", "themes": [ "arab-authorship", "palestinian-voice", "press-self-awareness", "reader-notices", "press-itself" ], "img": "img/k1978omaha.webp", "w": 818, "h": 430, "year": 1978, "included": true }, { "id": "image252", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Israeli Planes Pound Lebanon Guerrillas", "wire_group": "lebanon-1978-12-20", "themes": [ "lebanon", "framing-contrast" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Times Colonist", "date": "1978-12-20", "year": 1978, "slide": 113, "file": "image252.png", "img": "img/image252.webp", "w": 1200, "h": 263, "included": true }, { "id": "image249", "kind": "headline", "headline": "3 Palestinian bases in Lebanon attacked by Israeli warplanes", "wire_group": "lebanon-1978-12-20", "themes": [ "lebanon", "framing-contrast" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Lima News", "date": "1978-12-20", "year": 1978, "slide": 113, "file": "image249.png", "img": "img/image249.webp", "w": 1200, "h": 214, "included": true }, { "id": "image251", "kind": "article", "headline": "PLO levels torture charge against Israel", "wire_group": "torture-1979-12", "excerpt": "A PLO spokesman said a Palestinian guerrilla whose body was returned here Wednesday was tortured to death in an Israeli prison. Israel denied the charge... An Israeli police spokesman said pathological tests were being conducted to determine how Faour died, but said his death was 'not the result of violence.'", "themes": [ "torture", "detention-deaths", "framing-contrast", "press-itself", "both-arguments" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Ottawa Citizen", "date": "1979-12-27", "year": 1979, "slide": 114, "file": "image251.png", "img": "img/image251.webp", "w": 490, "h": 876, "included": true }, { "id": "image250", "kind": "article", "headline": "Palestinian Said Tortured In Israel", "wire_group": "torture-1979-12", "note": "Same AP dispatch as image251, different headline - 'PLO levels charge' vs 'Palestinian said tortured'", "themes": [ "torture", "framing-contrast", "press-itself" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Herald Sun", "date": "1979-12-27", "year": 1979, "slide": 114, "file": "image250.png", "img": "img/image250.webp", "w": 452, "h": 956, "included": true }, { "id": "image244", "kind": "article", "headline": "Israel Snatching Pieces of Lebanese Border", "excerpt": "Map shows border shared by Israel and Lebanon.", "themes": [ "lebanon", "territorial-expansion", "maps" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Grand Rapids Press", "date": "1980-11-27", "year": 1980, "slide": 114, "file": "image244.png", "img": "img/image244.webp", "w": 408, "h": 1002, "included": true }, { "id": "k1981sioux", "pub": "Sioux City Journal", "date": "1981-03-15", "kind": "brief", "headline": "Representatives of six Sioux City Jewish organizations raised $2,500 for the development of colonization in Palestine", "excerpt": "After an address here by Joseph Baratz of the World Zionist Action Committee.", "note": "Appears in a looking-back column, so the item it reprints is older than the page it sits on. Original date not established.", "date_estimated": true, "themes": [ "colonial-vocabulary", "american-fundraising", "page-adjacency" ], "img": "img/k1981sioux.webp", "w": 758, "h": 252, "year": 1981, "included": true }, { "id": "r1981sioux2", "pub": "Sioux City Journal", "date": "1981-03-15", "kind": "brief", "headline": "Representatives of six Sioux City Jewish organizations raised $2,500 for the development of colonization in Palestine", "excerpt": "\"after an address here by Joseph Baratz of the World Zionist Action Committee.\"", "note": "Printed in a looking-back column, so the notice it reprints is older than the page it sits on.", "date_estimated": true, "themes": [ "colonial-vocabulary", "american-fundraising" ], "img": "img/r1981sioux2.webp", "w": 1500, "h": 285, "year": 1981, "included": true }, { "id": "k1981colony", "pub": "Chicago Tribune", "date": "1981-11-10", "kind": "feature", "headline": "Israel's 'America': Colonists pass century mark", "dek": "Yanks drawn by Holy Land", "byline": "Jonathan Broder", "excerpt": "On the American Colony in Jerusalem, founded 1881 by a Chicago couple, and the earlier Christian Adventist colony at Jaffa in 1866.", "note": "Uses \"colonist\" and \"colony\" of American Christian settlers, not of the Zionist project. Excluded from the vocabulary count for that reason.", "exclude_from_vocab": true, "themes": [ "american-colony", "christian-settlement" ], "img": "img/k1981colony.webp", "w": 1412, "h": 808, "year": 1981, "included": true }, { "id": "image165", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Israeli troops fire into protesters, killing boy", "byline": "William Claiborne", "themes": [ "child-casualty", "protest" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Bryan College Station Eagle", "date": "1982-04-14", "year": 1982, "slide": 72, "file": "image165.png", "img": "img/image165.webp", "w": 925, "h": 78, "included": true }, { "id": "image150", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Israeli troops kill boy, hurt 17 in Arab unrest", "formula": "death-toll", "themes": [ "child-casualty" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Star Ledger", "date": "1982-04-14", "year": 1982, "slide": 73, "file": "image150.png", "img": "img/image150.webp", "w": 784, "h": 60, "included": true }, { "id": "r1982will1", "pub": "The Register-Guard", "date": "1982-09-02", "kind": "column", "headline": "'Palestine' still a knotty issue", "byline": "George F. Will", "wire_group": "george-will-1982", "themes": [ "terminology", "framing-contrast", "editorial-voice", "both-arguments" ], "img": "img/r1982will1.webp", "w": 572, "h": 1210, "year": 1982, "included": true }, { "id": "r1982will2", "pub": "(newspaper unidentified)", "date": "1982-09-02", "kind": "column", "headline": "Even the word 'Palestine' a matter of debate", "byline": "George F. Will", "caption_fix": { "note": "arrived captioned Press & Sun-Bulletin 1945; the page\u2019s own \"Today in history\" box reads Thursday, Sept. 2, 1982" }, "wire_group": "george-will-1982", "themes": [ "terminology", "framing-contrast", "both-arguments" ], "img": "img/r1982will2.webp", "w": 1046, "h": 1040, "year": 1982, "included": true }, { "id": "r1982will3", "pub": "(newspaper unidentified)", "date": "1982-09-02", "kind": "column", "headline": "What Is 'Palestine,' Anyway?", "byline": "George F. Will", "caption_fix": { "note": "arrived captioned Elmira Star-Gazette 1948; it is the same syndicated column of 2 September 1982" }, "note": "One syndicated column, three papers, three headlines \u2014 the framing pattern working on opinion rather than news.", "wire_group": "george-will-1982", "themes": [ "terminology", "framing-contrast", "both-arguments" ], "img": "img/r1982will3.webp", "w": 952, "h": 1212, "year": 1982, "included": true }, { "id": "image139", "kind": "photo", "headline": "Lebanese civilian cycles through Palestinian camp at Sabra, passing two of hundreds of corpses", "wire_group": "sabra-shatila-1982", "themes": [ "sabra-shatila" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Morning Call", "date": "1982-09-19", "year": 1982, "slide": 56, "file": "image139.png", "img": "img/image139.webp", "w": 608, "h": 476, "included": true }, { "id": "image148", "kind": "photo", "headline": "A Palestinian woman grieves over the bodies of her relatives in the Sabra refugee camp of West Beirut. In background, a Red Cross worker sprays disinfectant.", "wire_group": "sabra-shatila-1982", "themes": [ "sabra-shatila", "grief" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Sacramento Bee", "date": "1982-09-21", "year": 1982, "slide": 55, "file": "image148.png", "img": "img/image148.webp", "w": 394, "h": 543, "included": true }, { "id": "image154", "kind": "front-page", "headline": "Deadly drama in Beirut - 48 hours of terror", "dek": "Militiamen unleash hatred, slaughter hundreds in Palestinian refugee camps", "excerpt": "Bodies of Palestinians sprawl in street at Sabra camp as defense workers wear gas masks to take them away.", "wire_group": "sabra-shatila-1982", "themes": [ "sabra-shatila" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Orlando Sentinel", "date": "1982-09-24", "year": 1982, "slide": 57, "file": "image154.png", "img": "img/image154.webp", "w": 611, "h": 387, "included": true }, { "id": "image119", "kind": "feature", "headline": "Those lucky enough to have lived tell consistent tale of death camps", "byline": "Christopher Young, Southam News", "dek": "Sadness of survivors", "excerpt": "Survivors of Sabra and Chatilla had to be either lucky or smart... She is full of anger. It is focused specifically on the Israelis, even though they did no killing, also on the Americans, the French and the Italians, the providers of the multinational force who went away and left the Palestinians to their fate, and on U.S. President Ronald Reagan and Israeli Prime Minister Begin personally. 'That's my home,' said one old woman, waving her hand at a pile of rubble two-and-a-half metres high among some blasted trees. 'I'm not sad for my house. I'm sad for all the people who died.'", "wire_group": "sabra-shatila-1982", "themes": [ "sabra-shatila", "survivor-testimony", "us-complicity" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Gazette", "date": "1982-09-27", "year": 1982, "slide": 55, "file": "image119.png", "img": "img/image119.webp", "w": 819, "h": 946, "included": true }, { "id": "r1982thanks", "pub": "(newspaper unidentified)", "date": "1982-10-01", "kind": "article", "headline": "Israel voices thanks for backing by U.S.", "excerpt": "On American efforts to prevent Israel\u2019s expulsion from UN bodies after the Beirut camp massacres. A Tass commentary: \"Gross blackmail \u2014 that is how, and in no other way, one can qualify the latest demarche of the United States toward the United Nations.\"", "caption_fix": { "note": "arrived captioned Roanoke Times 2012; references the September 1982 camp massacres as recent" }, "date_estimated": true, "themes": [ "us-role", "un-forum" ], "img": "img/r1982thanks.webp", "w": 336, "h": 538, "year": 1982, "included": true }, { "id": "r1982censor", "pub": "The Baltimore Sun", "date": "1982-10-18", "kind": "article", "headline": "Israeli columnist outwits military censor with fictional story", "byline": "Associated Press, Tel Aviv", "excerpt": "Opening line: \"This article was subject to Israeli military censorship.\" Amnon Abromowitz of Maariv, barred from reporting that the cabinet had nearly launched a new Lebanon offensive, published it as historical fiction set in Poland in 1922, renaming Sharon as \"Ariel, which means Lion of God.\" \"It was my duty as a journalist to get the story out, so I wrote it as though the whole thing happened in Poland 60 years ago.\"", "note": "A dispatch about censorship, carrying a censorship notice, describing how reporters got around censorship.", "themes": [ "press-itself", "censorship" ], "img": "img/r1982censor.webp", "w": 930, "h": 306, "year": 1982, "included": true }, { "id": "image163", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Control of Palestinian Expression Is Invisible Part of Gaza Conflict", "byline": "The Washington Post", "excerpt": "The conflict goes on in numerous, non-violent ways.", "themes": [ "censorship", "identity-suppression", "press-itself" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Omaha World Herald", "date": "1984-05-30", "year": 1984, "slide": 74, "file": "image163.png", "img": "img/image163.webp", "w": 928, "h": 204, "included": true }, { "id": "image203", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Denied an identity, Gazans losing hope in land of despair", "themes": [ "identity-suppression", "gaza" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Palm Beach Post", "date": "1986-12-08", "year": 1986, "slide": 92, "file": "image203.png", "img": "img/image203.webp", "w": 601, "h": 289, "included": true }, { "id": "image155", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Arabs Protest Israeli Killings", "themes": [ "protest" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Press of Atlantic City", "date": "1986-12-10", "year": 1986, "slide": 73, "file": "image155.png", "img": "img/image155.webp", "w": 887, "h": 93, "included": true }, { "id": "image164", "kind": "headline", "headline": "1,000 March Peacefully to Protest Killing of Three Arabs by Israelis", "themes": [ "protest" ], "notable": false, "pub": "The Buffalo News", "date": "1986-12-10", "year": 1986, "slide": 73, "file": "image164.png", "img": "img/image164.webp", "w": 911, "h": 160, "included": true }, { "id": "image46", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Israel stifles Palestinians' human rights", "themes": [ "human-rights", "both-arguments" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Miami News", "date": "1987-06-30", "year": 1987, "slide": 25, "file": "image46.png", "img": "img/image46.webp", "w": 637, "h": 47, "included": true }, { "id": "image54", "kind": "front-page", "headline": "Palestinian youths riot / 'Nothing to lose' in camps", "byline": "Karin Laub, Associated Press", "wire_group": "jabalia-1987-12-20", "excerpt": "Residents say they have nothing to lose by throwing stones at Israeli soldiers armed with submachine guns. Many here have lived in squalor for decades. 'When my sons go outside to demonstrate, I'm afraid for them, but I'm not going to stop them,' said Neama Khalil Abu Sisi, 55, whose son, Hatem, 17, was killed in a clash with soldiers the previous week.", "context_note": "Runs above ads for Bath Beach Health Spas and an electric guitar holiday special", "themes": [ "intifada", "jabalia", "wire-framing" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Staten Island Advance", "date": "1987-12-20", "year": 1987, "slide": 21, "file": "image54.png", "img": "img/image54.webp", "w": 819, "h": 733, "included": true }, { "id": "image49", "kind": "article", "headline": "Sordid camp breeds foes of Israelis", "byline": "AP (same Karin Laub dispatch)", "wire_group": "jabalia-1987-12-20", "themes": [ "intifada", "jabalia", "wire-framing" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Courier Post", "date": "1987-12-20", "year": 1987, "slide": 22, "file": "image49.png", "img": "img/image49.webp", "w": 220, "h": 1200, "included": true }, { "id": "image35", "kind": "article", "headline": "Defiance running high at refugee camp", "dek": "Battles with Israelis a fact of life at Jabalia", "byline": "AP (same Karin Laub dispatch)", "wire_group": "jabalia-1987-12-20", "themes": [ "intifada", "jabalia", "wire-framing" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Press & Sun Bulletin", "date": "1987-12-20", "year": 1987, "slide": 22, "file": "image35.png", "img": "img/image35.webp", "w": 818, "h": 318, "included": true }, { "id": "image39", "kind": "article", "headline": "Strife continues in 12th day of Palestinian protests", "dek": "Egypt: Israelis killing innocents", "excerpt": "Mubarak: 'This is because Israel is using methods of repression and persecution, showing no regard for the lives of innocent people - old men, women and children - and violating its international obligations in a grievous manner that threatens the Middle East peace process.'", "themes": [ "intifada", "international-condemnation" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Courier Post", "date": "1987-12-20", "year": 1987, "slide": 23, "file": "image39.png", "img": "img/image39.webp", "w": 818, "h": 539, "included": true }, { "id": "image41", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Egypt: Israelis killing innocents", "themes": [ "intifada", "international-condemnation" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Courier Post", "date": "1987-12-20", "year": 1987, "slide": 24, "file": "image41.png", "img": "img/image41.webp", "w": 193, "h": 78, "included": true }, { "id": "image61", "kind": "article", "headline": "Gaza refugee camp now center of resistance to Israel", "byline": "AP (same Karin Laub dispatch)", "wire_group": "jabalia-1987-12-20", "themes": [ "intifada", "jabalia", "wire-framing" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Peninsula Times Tribune", "date": "1987-12-20", "year": 1987, "slide": 25, "file": "image61.png", "img": "img/image61.webp", "w": 715, "h": 217, "included": true }, { "id": "image71", "kind": "article", "headline": "The oppressive Israeli occupation", "excerpt": "During the last 20 years of Israeli occupation of the West Bank and Gaza, the Israelis used all possible methods to liquidate the Palestinian national movement. More than 300,000 Palestinians have been in and out of Israeli jails, experiencing ill-treatment including humiliation and physical and psychological torture. More than half of the Arab lands have been confiscated. Thousands of houses have been demolished and thousands of Palestinians have been deported. Photo: An Israeli soldier kicks a Palestinian youth, who holds his head where he was just hit by a truncheon-wielding soldier.", "themes": [ "occupation", "detention", "home-demolition", "land-confiscation" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Miami Herald", "date": "1987-12-20", "year": 1987, "slide": 29, "file": "image71.png", "img": "img/image71.webp", "w": 480, "h": 370, "included": true }, { "id": "image151", "kind": "feature", "headline": "Gaza Strip: the forgotten stepchild", "byline": "A.S. Ross, San Francisco Examiner", "excerpt": "Former Israeli Defense Minister Ezer Weizman: 'No government in its right mind could possibly want the place. I'd give it back tomorrow if someone would take it.' Dr. Haidar Abed el Shafi, head of the Gaza Red Crescent Society: 'It is an occupation with a definite political program. The Israeli government considers the occupied territories as part of Israeli territory and looks on the local population as foreigners.'", "themes": [ "gaza", "occupation", "palestinian-voice" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Northwest Herald", "date": "1988-01-04", "year": 1988, "slide": 64, "file": "image151.png", "img": "img/image151.webp", "w": 769, "h": 149, "included": true }, { "id": "image208", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Palestinian Killed; 250,000 Under Curfew", "themes": [ "curfew", "mass-punishment" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Daily News", "date": "1988-01-05", "year": 1988, "slide": 98, "file": "image208.png", "img": "img/image208.webp", "w": 590, "h": 150, "included": true }, { "id": "image204", "kind": "headline", "headline": "'Iron Fist' Enslaves Gazans In Their Land", "themes": [ "iron-fist", "gaza" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Herald Sun", "date": "1988-01-06", "year": 1988, "slide": 93, "file": "image204.png", "img": "img/image204.webp", "w": 1082, "h": 100, "included": true }, { "id": "image162", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Israelis choke off Palestinian camp", "dek": "Few supplies are reaching Khan Yunis", "formula": "siege-starvation", "themes": [ "siege", "khan-yunis" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Toronto Star", "date": "1988-01-12", "year": 1988, "slide": 66, "file": "image162.png", "img": "img/image162.webp", "w": 1113, "h": 255, "included": true }, { "id": "r1988letters", "pub": "LA Herald Examiner", "date": "1988-01-26", "kind": "letter-to-editor", "headline": "Readers hot over Israel's role in Gaza and on West Bank", "excerpt": "A full page of letters answering an op-ed by Edward Said, \"No Palestinian homeland, then more riots,\" published by the paper on 8 January. Eight named readers argue it out: Si Frumkin of Studio City, Stephanie Glick of Northridge, Amy Cohanim, Jacob Gendelman, Jim Gregory of Joshua Tree, Gene Galvin, Christopher D. Pascal and Alexander H. Pope.", "note": "Confirms Edward Said had a byline in an American metropolitan daily in January 1988.", "themes": [ "reader-notices", "press-itself", "arab-authorship", "both-arguments" ], "img": "img/r1988letters.webp", "w": 610, "h": 1042, "year": 1988, "included": true }, { "id": "r1988qabatiya", "pub": "Press & Sun-Bulletin", "date": "1988-03-31", "kind": "article", "headline": "Violence intensifies in West Bank, Gaza; four killed", "byline": "The Washington Post", "excerpt": "\"The army further tightened its grip on news from the territories by closing down the Palestine Press Service, an Arab-owned, Jerusalem-based news agency of activist journalists that served as a major source of quick information and reports to foreign correspondents.\" And, of the army\u2019s account of a clash: \"because of press restrictions its account could not be verified.\"", "themes": [ "press-itself", "censorship" ], "img": "img/r1988qabatiya.webp", "w": 1500, "h": 395, "year": 1988, "included": true }, { "id": "image52", "kind": "photo", "headline": "Palestinians march from Daley Plaza to demonstrate outside the Israeli consulate in Chicago", "excerpt": "Protest sign reads: 'Is Peace too Much to Ask For?'", "themes": [ "us-protest", "diaspora" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Chicago Tribune", "date": "1988-04-28", "year": 1988, "slide": 26, "file": "image52.png", "img": "img/image52.webp", "w": 508, "h": 377, "included": true }, { "id": "image130", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Nine-month-old Arab girl among injured as Israeli troops break up demonstrators", "themes": [ "child-casualty" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Telegraph-Journal", "date": "1988-05-31", "year": 1988, "slide": 54, "file": "image130.png", "img": "img/image130.webp", "w": 953, "h": 113, "included": true }, { "id": "r1988reporters", "pub": "Philadelphia Daily News", "date": "1988-06-10", "kind": "article", "headline": "Palestinian Reporters, Writer Arrested", "dek": "Students, Army Clash; West Bank Schools May Close Again", "excerpt": "Names those seized: Bader Taleb Yassin Meky, a sports reporter for the East Jerusalem paper Al Shaab, arrested at his home in Jericho; Samir Subayhat, a freelance reporter from El Bireh; and Muhammad Ayub Abu-Hadrus, a writer and teacher from Khan Younis. \"At least 30 journalists have been arrested and 20 of them have been jailed without charges or trial for up to six months, according to Al Haq.\"", "themes": [ "press-itself", "palestinian-journalists" ], "img": "img/r1988reporters.webp", "w": 1236, "h": 1142, "year": 1988, "included": true }, { "id": "r1988halim", "pub": "Philadelphia Daily News", "date": "1988-06-10", "kind": "article", "headline": "Slain Palestinian reporter was tortured, brother says", "byline": "Bernard Edinger, Reuters, Jerusalem", "excerpt": "Hassan Abdel Halim, 36, of the East Jerusalem paper Al-Fajr, disappeared while researching fraudulent land purchases in the West Bank. His decapitated body was found by Arab shepherds at Beit Horon. His brother Mohammed said there were burns, missing teeth and missing fingernails. Israeli police retracted a statement that he had been killed making a bomb. Palestinian reporters noted he was partially blind. Ziad Abu Ziad of the Arab Journalists Association: \"What we are asking the police is to study whether Hassan\u2019s death was not stage-managed.\"", "themes": [ "press-itself", "palestinian-journalists" ], "img": "img/r1988halim.webp", "w": 714, "h": 972, "year": 1988, "included": true }, { "id": "image55", "kind": "pullquote", "headline": "I did not speak to a single person - Israeli or Palestinian - who is optimistic about the future. Most feel that the worst is yet to come.", "themes": [ "warning-ignored", "pessimism" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Detroit Free Press", "date": "1988-06-21", "year": 1988, "slide": 28, "file": "image55.png", "img": "img/image55.webp", "w": 268, "h": 143, "included": true }, { "id": "image59", "kind": "photo", "headline": "A masked Palestinian waves the Israeli-banned PLO flag during a protest in the Gaza Strip", "themes": [ "flag-ban" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Detroit Free Press", "date": "1988-06-21", "year": 1988, "slide": 30, "file": "image59.png", "img": "img/image59.webp", "w": 270, "h": 446, "included": true }, { "id": "image58", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Israel's iron fist policy deals a damaging blow to peace hopes", "themes": [ "iron-fist" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Detroit Free Press", "date": "1988-06-21", "year": 1988, "slide": 30, "file": "image58.png", "img": "img/image58.webp", "w": 528, "h": 125, "included": true }, { "id": "image44", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Israelis Kill Arab In Stone-Throwing Mob", "themes": [ "framing-contrast", "casualty" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Tyler Morning Telegraph", "date": "1988-07-11", "year": 1988, "slide": 25, "file": "image44.png", "img": "img/image44.webp", "w": 532, "h": 37, "included": true }, { "id": "image10", "kind": "article", "headline": "Israeli raids, riots leave 20 wounded", "excerpt": "At least 244 Palestinians and three Israelis have died in the anti-Israel violence... Palestinians and United Nations relief officials said soldiers commandeered one ambulance attempting to enter Jabalia refugee camp under cover, while Israeli forces stopped another ambulance and began beating a 19-year-old Jabalia man who had been shot in the thigh... soldiers shot and killed two prisoners Aug. 16 following a riot by hundreds of inmates.", "themes": [ "intifada", "ambulance-obstruction", "detention-deaths" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Berkshire Eagle", "date": "1988-08-23", "year": 1988, "slide": 7, "file": "image10.png", "img": "img/image10.webp", "w": 695, "h": 1200, "included": true }, { "id": "image43", "kind": "article", "headline": "Oppression embitters Gaza refugees", "excerpt": "Nearly 80,000 Palestinians live here; 46 percent are refugees who fled homes in Israel and the West Bank during the 1948 and 1967 wars... 'We were born to the occupation and lived it for 20 years.'", "themes": [ "gaza", "refugees", "occupation" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The News Star", "date": "1988-12", "year": 1988, "slide": 21, "file": "image43.png", "img": "img/image43.webp", "w": 283, "h": 359, "included": true }, { "id": "image64", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Uprising hits home for West Bank's people", "themes": [ "intifada" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Wisconsin State Journal", "date": "1988-12-04", "year": 1988, "slide": 28, "file": "image64.png", "img": "img/image64.webp", "w": 791, "h": 54, "included": true }, { "id": "image65", "kind": "photo", "headline": "Israeli security forces monitor an East Jerusalem thoroughfare as a Palestinian woman walks to the Al-Aqsa Mosque", "themes": [ "jerusalem", "daily-life-under-occupation" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Wisconsin State Journal", "date": "1988-12-04", "year": 1988, "slide": 28, "file": "image65.png", "img": "img/image65.webp", "w": 531, "h": 366, "included": true }, { "id": "image56", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Israeli troops kill 2 Palestinians, wound 17 in day of unrest", "themes": [ "death-toll-formula" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Boston Globe", "date": "1988-12-11", "year": 1988, "slide": 27, "file": "image56.png", "img": "img/image56.webp", "w": 650, "h": 40, "included": true }, { "id": "image48", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Intifadah has shown Palestinians their own strength", "themes": [ "intifada", "both-arguments" ], "notable": false, "pub": "The Boston Globe", "date": "1988-12-11", "year": 1988, "slide": 27, "file": "image48.png", "img": "img/image48.webp", "w": 584, "h": 46, "included": true }, { "id": "image51", "kind": "photo", "headline": "The home of the Abu Ayash family in the West Bank village of Beit Ummar was destroyed", "excerpt": "Graffiti on the remains reads 'Palestine is our homeland, our home is not made of stone.'", "themes": [ "home-demolition", "palestinian-voice" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Boston Globe", "date": "1988-12-11", "year": 1988, "slide": 27, "file": "image51.png", "img": "img/image51.webp", "w": 818, "h": 511, "included": true }, { "id": "image50", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Israelis aim to suppress Palestinian national identity", "dek": "the intifada", "themes": [ "identity-suppression" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Times Colonist", "date": "1988-12-11", "year": 1988, "slide": 29, "file": "image50.png", "img": "img/image50.webp", "w": 847, "h": 82, "included": true }, { "id": "image211", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Two Palestinians killed, 22 hurt in occupied lands", "dek": "Death toll now 10 from Israeli attack on Lebanon base", "excerpt": "All 650,000 residents of the Gaza Strip were under curfew yesterday to prevent violence marking the first anniversary of the uprising. Section slug: 'BATTLE FOR PROMISED LAND'", "formula": "death-toll", "themes": [ "death-toll-formula", "curfew" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Democrat and Chronicle", "date": "1988-12-11", "year": 1988, "slide": 101, "file": "image211.png", "img": "img/image211.webp", "w": 893, "h": 120, "included": true }, { "id": "image74", "kind": "photo", "headline": "PALESTINIANS, carrying their outlawed flag, face Israeli soldiers", "byline": "Newsday photo by Mark Hinojosa", "caption_fix": { "note": "uncaptioned in deck; from slide 29 (Miami Herald 1987-12-20 / Times Colonist 1988-12-11) - date uncertain" }, "themes": [ "flag-ban", "intifada" ], "notable": false, "pub": "The Times Colonist", "date": "1988-12-11", "year": 1988, "slide": 29, "file": "image74.png", "img": "img/image74.webp", "w": 481, "h": 407, "date_estimated": true, "included": true }, { "id": "image47", "kind": "pullquote", "headline": "The plea was for us to bring back the message to the United States that the Palestinian people want to live in peace ... sharing the benefits, beauty and riches of that Holy Land.", "themes": [ "palestinian-voice", "us-role", "both-arguments" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Daily Item", "date": "1988-12-21", "year": 1988, "slide": 24, "file": "image47.png", "img": "img/image47.webp", "w": 314, "h": 62, "included": true }, { "id": "image42", "kind": "headline", "headline": "U.S. holds key to justice for Palestinians", "themes": [ "us-role" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Daily Item", "date": "1988-12-21", "year": 1988, "slide": 24, "file": "image42.png", "img": "img/image42.webp", "w": 534, "h": 51, "included": true }, { "id": "image214", "kind": "headline", "headline": "As many as 7 Palestinians killed", "dek": "Shootings by Israeli border police described as a massacre", "formula": "death-toll", "themes": [ "death-toll-formula", "attribution-hedging" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Fort Worth Star Telegram", "date": "1989-04-14", "year": 1989, "slide": 102, "file": "image214.png", "img": "img/image214.webp", "w": 901, "h": 139, "included": true }, { "id": "image201", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Three Palestinians killed, 137 injured", "wire_group": "gaza-1989-05-07", "formula": "death-toll", "themes": [ "death-toll-formula" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Hawaii Tribune Herald", "date": "1989-05-07", "year": 1989, "slide": 98, "file": "image201.png", "img": "img/image201.webp", "w": 727, "h": 47, "included": true }, { "id": "image207", "kind": "infographic", "headline": "The Palestinian Uprising", "dek": "Nearly two and a half years of 'intefadeh' in the occupied West Bank and Gaza", "excerpt": "DEATHS: Palestinians killed by Israelis - 708; Palestinians killed by fellow Arabs - 216; Israelis - 43; Foreigners - 3. INJURIES: Palestinians - 48,639; Israeli civilians - 968; Israeli soldiers - 2,065. PALESTINIAN PRISONERS now in prison - 10,083. DEPORTATIONS - 60. HOUSE DEMOLITIONS, SEALINGS - 484. DEFENSE COST - $550 million.", "themes": [ "infographic", "data", "intifada" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Sacramento Bee", "date": "1989-05-07", "year": 1989, "slide": 99, "file": "image207.png", "img": "img/image207.webp", "w": 226, "h": 578, "included": true }, { "id": "image215", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Violence peaks in Gaza Strip; 3 Palestinians killed, 138 hurt", "caption_fix": { "pub": "The Sacramento Bee", "date": "1989-05-07", "note": "slug visible in clipping reads 'A24 The Sacramento Bee - Sunday, May 7, 1989'; caption pairing swapped" }, "wire_group": "gaza-1989-05-07", "note": "Same event as image201, which reports 137 injured vs 138 here", "themes": [ "death-toll-formula", "count-discrepancy" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Sacramento Bee", "date": "1989-05-07", "year": 1989, "slide": 99, "file": "image215.png", "img": "img/image215.webp", "w": 625, "h": 135, "included": true }, { "id": "image223", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Palestinians, Arab girl die in Israeli shootings", "note": "'die' rather than 'killed' - passive construction", "formula": "death-toll", "themes": [ "death-toll-formula", "passive-voice" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Stuart News", "date": "1989-12-03", "year": 1989, "slide": 101, "file": "image223.png", "img": "img/image223.webp", "w": 900, "h": 191, "included": true }, { "id": "r1990censor", "pub": "(newspaper unidentified)", "date": "1990-01-01", "kind": "article", "headline": "Israel censoring news of Soviet immigrants", "byline": "Reuters", "excerpt": "Carries the italic note: \"Israeli military censors made deletions from this article.\" And: \"Israel\u2019s military censors, in a one-line statement Friday, ordered local and foreign journalists to submit all stories on Soviet Jewish immigration to censorship before publication. They offered no reasons.\"", "caption_fix": { "note": "arrived captioned Philadelphia Inquirer 1918; names Shamir, Baker and Soviet Jewish immigration, placing it in 1990" }, "date_estimated": true, "themes": [ "press-itself", "censorship" ], "img": "img/r1990censor.webp", "w": 1060, "h": 992, "year": 1990, "included": true }, { "id": "image220", "kind": "headline", "headline": "3 more Palestinians killed", "dek": "10 tourists wounded in Jordan in anger against Israelis", "formula": "death-toll", "note": "'more' doing the work of a decade", "themes": [ "death-toll-formula" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Orlando Sentinel", "date": "1990-05-22", "year": 1990, "slide": 98, "file": "image220.png", "img": "img/image220.webp", "w": 1079, "h": 184, "included": true }, { "id": "image231", "kind": "photo", "headline": "A woman uses a Palestinian flag to taunt Israeli border guards Monday in Jerusalem", "excerpt": "Israel sent soldiers to Gaza and the West Bank to quell rioting over the slayings of Palestinians.", "themes": [ "flag", "protest" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Chicago Tribune", "date": "1990-05-22", "year": 1990, "slide": 100, "file": "image231.png", "img": "img/image231.webp", "w": 506, "h": 473, "included": true }, { "id": "image213", "kind": "cartoon", "headline": "Six-panel editorial cartoon: 'REVENGE FOR A PALESTINIAN KILLED' / 'REVENGE FOR THE REVENGE OF A PALESTINIAN KILLED' / ... each panel adding to a growing mound of bodies until the caption itself runs off the frame", "byline": "Gary Markstein", "note": "A 1990 cartoon that states this project's thesis directly", "themes": [ "editorial-cartoon", "cycle", "recursion" ], "notable": true, "keystone": true, "pub": "Fort Worth Star Telegram", "date": "1990-06-02", "year": 1990, "slide": 97, "file": "image213.png", "img": "img/image213.webp", "w": 668, "h": 529, "included": true }, { "id": "image70", "kind": "photo", "headline": "Angry Palestinians demonstrate in Amman, Jordan to protest the killing of 19 Palestinians by Israeli police during unrest Monday in Jerusalem", "themes": [ "al-aqsa-1990", "regional-protest" ], "notable": false, "pub": "The Buffalo News", "date": "1990-10-09", "year": 1990, "slide": 32, "file": "image70.png", "img": "img/image70.webp", "w": 544, "h": 389, "included": true }, { "id": "image62", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Israeli police close holy site, fire tear gas at Muslims", "themes": [ "al-aqsa-1990", "worship-restriction" ], "notable": false, "pub": "The Atlanta Journal", "date": "1990-10-09", "year": 1990, "slide": 32, "file": "image62.png", "img": "img/image62.webp", "w": 845, "h": 64, "included": true }, { "id": "image102", "kind": "photo", "headline": "GRIEVING MOTHER, Mrs. Kefiya Jihad Hamide, 32, weeps with family members at their Jerusalem home over the death of her son, among 19 Palestinians shot to death by Israeli troops", "themes": [ "al-aqsa-1990", "grief" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Kentucky New Era", "date": "1990-10-09", "year": 1990, "slide": 33, "file": "image102.png", "img": "img/image102.webp", "w": 371, "h": 405, "included": true }, { "id": "image73", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Israeli police gas Moslem crowd at Temple Mount", "themes": [ "al-aqsa-1990" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Kentucky New Era", "date": "1990-10-09", "year": 1990, "slide": 33, "file": "image73.png", "img": "img/image73.webp", "w": 346, "h": 160, "included": true }, { "id": "image63", "kind": "photo", "headline": "The 80-year-old Mufti of Jerusalem, Saad Al-Din Al-Alami, is carried to a hospital by aides after he was overcome by tear gas fired by riot police", "excerpt": "The Mufti led about 200 Moslems to the Temple Mount the day after 19 Palestinians were killed.", "caption_fix": { "note": "uncaptioned in deck; content places it Oct 1990 al-Aqsa killings" }, "themes": [ "al-aqsa-1990" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Bennington Banner", "date": "1990-10-09", "year": 1990, "slide": 31, "file": "image63.png", "img": "img/image63.webp", "w": 354, "h": 387, "date_estimated": true, "included": true }, { "id": "image69", "kind": "photo", "headline": "A Palestinian cradles the body of a boy slain by Israeli police during rioting Monday at Temple Mount", "caption_fix": { "note": "uncaptioned; Oct 1990 al-Aqsa" }, "themes": [ "al-aqsa-1990", "child-casualty" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Associated Press", "date": "1990-10-09", "year": 1990, "slide": 32, "file": "image69.png", "img": "img/image69.webp", "w": 250, "h": 410, "date_estimated": true, "included": true }, { "id": "image53", "kind": "photo", "headline": "Handprints of blood from wounded Palestinians mark Temple Mount wall", "themes": [ "al-aqsa-1990", "casualty" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Newsday", "date": "1990-10-11", "year": 1990, "slide": 30, "file": "image53.png", "img": "img/image53.webp", "w": 245, "h": 346, "included": true }, { "id": "image57", "kind": "headline", "headline": "U.N.: Israel Condemned for Palestinian Deaths", "themes": [ "un-condemnation" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Los Angeles Times", "date": "1990-10-13", "year": 1990, "slide": 33, "file": "image57.png", "img": "img/image57.webp", "w": 749, "h": 61, "included": true }, { "id": "image72", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Israel Bars Palestinians From Temple Mount Prayer Services", "themes": [ "worship-restriction" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Los Angeles Times", "date": "1990-10-13", "year": 1990, "slide": 33, "file": "image72.png", "img": "img/image72.webp", "w": 383, "h": 96, "included": true }, { "id": "image68", "kind": "article", "headline": "Israeli inquiry pins blame on police, Arabs for deaths", "excerpt": "Photo: An elderly Palestinian hobbles past Israeli troops on his way to Friday prayers in Jerusalem.", "pattern_note": "Pairs with image66 (April 1991): 'New evidence counters Israel's claim that shootings were justified' - the official-inquiry-then-contradicted sequence", "themes": [ "al-aqsa-1990", "official-account-contradicted" ], "notable": true, "pub": "South Florida Sun Sentinel", "date": "1990-10-27", "year": 1990, "slide": 34, "file": "image68.png", "img": "img/image68.webp", "w": 342, "h": 370, "included": true }, { "id": "image66", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Temple Mount inquiry continues", "dek": "New evidence counters Israel's claim that shootings were justified", "themes": [ "al-aqsa-1990", "official-account-contradicted" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The News & Observer", "date": "1991-04-02", "year": 1991, "slide": 31, "file": "image66.png", "img": "img/image66.webp", "w": 497, "h": 68, "included": true }, { "id": "image115", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Israeli settlements remain obstacle to peace", "themes": [ "settlements", "peace-process" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Anniston Star", "date": "1991-07-28", "year": 1991, "slide": 54, "file": "image115.png", "img": "img/image115.webp", "w": 800, "h": 44, "included": true }, { "id": "image60", "kind": "photo", "headline": "Members of the 'Temple Mount Faithful' march to protest the shootings in October of 17 Palestinians by Israeli police", "themes": [ "al-aqsa-1990" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Bennington Banner", "date": "1991-10-10", "year": 1991, "slide": 31, "file": "image60.png", "img": "img/image60.webp", "w": 247, "h": 416, "included": true }, { "id": "image224", "kind": "photo", "headline": "4 Palestinians killed in occupied territories", "excerpt": "Palestinian boys displayed toy guns yesterday while playing in Gaza City, where a research group says nearly 60 percent of the 750,000 Palestinians are under age 19.", "formula": "death-toll", "themes": [ "death-toll-formula", "demographics" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Courier Journal", "date": "1992-04-04", "year": 1992, "slide": 103, "file": "image224.png", "img": "img/image224.webp", "w": 379, "h": 515, "included": true }, { "id": "image159", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Refugees stand ready to fight Jabalia 'invasion'", "themes": [ "jabalia" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Daily Telegraph", "date": "1992-05-13", "year": 1992, "slide": 74, "file": "image159.png", "img": "img/image159.webp", "w": 555, "h": 219, "included": true }, { "id": "image144", "kind": "feature", "headline": "Dispossessed Palestinians Gain Attention For Their Demands to Be Emancipated", "excerpt": "A dusty street in Palestinian refugee camp, Jabalia. Some 42,000 Palestinians live in Jabalia, which is three square kilometers in size. It and other refugee camps in the Gaza Strip are operated by UNRWA.", "themes": [ "jabalia", "dispossession" ], "notable": false, "pub": "The Salt Lake Tribune", "date": "1992-06-20", "year": 1992, "slide": 65, "file": "image144.png", "img": "img/image144.webp", "w": 556, "h": 444, "included": true }, { "id": "image228", "kind": "infographic", "headline": "The intifada", "excerpt": "Deaths: 988 Palestinians killed by Israeli soldiers or civilians, including 110 by undercover units; 678 Palestinians killed by fellow Arabs, most on suspicion of collaboration; 109 Israelis, including 21 soldiers. Deportations of Palestinians: 73. Palestinian houses: 301 sealed, 434 demolished. Arrests and detentions: More than 80,000 Palestinians detained; 6,830 Palestinians in jail as of Nov. 1, including 223 held without charge or trial. Soldiers court-martialed: 236 cases brought; 191 convicted. The Gaza Strip, home to 800,000 Palestinians, covers 140 square miles - slightly smaller than Rockwall County, Texas' smallest.", "themes": [ "infographic", "data", "intifada" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Fort Worth Star Telegram", "date": "1992-12-08", "year": 1992, "slide": 103, "file": "image228.png", "img": "img/image228.webp", "w": 578, "h": 432, "included": true }, { "id": "image227", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Five Palestinians killed by Israeli troops in Gaza", "note": "Near-identical to image230 (2000), seven years apart", "formula": "death-toll", "themes": [ "death-toll-formula" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Windsor Star", "date": "1993-02-06", "year": 1993, "slide": 106, "file": "image227.png", "img": "img/image227.webp", "w": 851, "h": 182, "included": true }, { "id": "image221", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Israeli soldiers fatally shoot two children during stone-throwing protests.", "themes": [ "child-casualty" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Baltimore Sun", "date": "1993-05-17", "year": 1993, "slide": 104, "file": "image221.png", "img": "img/image221.webp", "w": 323, "h": 211, "included": true }, { "id": "image142", "kind": "article", "headline": "Israeli army kills 5 Arabs in Gaza, witnesses say", "excerpt": "Troops shot dead at least three Palestinians and wounded at least 35 in a single incident in the Gaza town of Jabalya, witnesses said.", "themes": [ "death-toll-formula", "attribution-hedging" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Orlando Sentinel", "date": "1993-05-19", "year": 1993, "slide": 64, "file": "image142.png", "img": "img/image142.webp", "w": 312, "h": 356, "included": true }, { "id": "image129", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Jewish settler violence claims 1st Arab victim", "themes": [ "settler-violence" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Miami Herald", "date": "1993-11-20", "year": 1993, "slide": 58, "file": "image129.png", "img": "img/image129.webp", "w": 593, "h": 159, "included": true }, { "id": "r1993women", "pub": "Wisconsin State Journal", "date": "1993-12-07", "kind": "feature", "headline": "Palestinian women hopeful self-rule will bring greater freedom for them", "byline": "Karin Laub, Associated Press, Gaza City", "excerpt": "Ayshe Abu Maghaseeb, 30, who commanded an underground PLO cell and says interrogators threatened her with rape and public humiliation: \"Arab men don\u2019t believe women should be in positions of responsibility.\" Zuheira Kamal of the women\u2019s federations: \"Men have an old boys\u2019 network, but women don\u2019t, so we are trying to beat them to it this time.\" Anam Tawil, 29, an architect who won a contract sought by 21 established Gaza firms. Ibtissam Badri Tahan, 33, of Shati camp, taken out of school at 15 to marry: \"The house is like a prison. I hope my girls will have a better life.\"", "note": "Five Palestinian women named, with ages, jobs and arguments.", "themes": [ "palestinian-voice", "naming", "women" ], "img": "img/r1993women.webp", "w": 858, "h": 994, "year": 1993, "included": true }, { "id": "r1993names", "pub": "Wisconsin State Journal", "date": "1993-12-07", "kind": "article", "headline": "Four Arabs die in blast; 3 slain in Gaza", "byline": "Associated Press", "excerpt": "\"The victims were identified as Mazouz Balouneh, 27; Faisal Balouneh, 28; Naim Balouneh, 18; and Khaled Ramadin, 25.\" The tallies given: 850 Palestinians killed by Israelis since December 1987, and 431 killed by fellow Arabs.", "themes": [ "death-toll-formula", "naming" ], "img": "img/r1993names.webp", "w": 1500, "h": 1130, "year": 1993, "included": true }, { "id": "image234", "kind": "photo", "headline": "A Palestinian, killed in a clash with Israeli soldiers Tuesday in Gaza City, lies near the wreckage of a car that contained explosives", "themes": [ "1993" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Chicago Tribune", "date": "1993-12-15", "year": 1993, "slide": 105, "file": "image234.png", "img": "img/image234.webp", "w": 568, "h": 413, "included": true }, { "id": "image157", "kind": "brief", "headline": "Israelis shoot 12-year-old", "excerpt": "ISRAELI soldiers shot dead a 12-year-old Palestinian boy at the Jabalia camp in the Gaza Strip yesterday during a stone-throwing incident and killed a driver who violated the curfew at Balaa, in the West Bank. - AFP", "themes": [ "child-casualty", "jabalia", "brief-treatment" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Sunday Telegraph", "date": "1994-02-06", "year": 1994, "slide": 74, "file": "image157.png", "img": "img/image157.webp", "w": 318, "h": 277, "included": true }, { "id": "image210", "kind": "photo", "headline": "A Palestinian woman interrupts an Israeli soldier aiming at stone-throwers to request safe passage in the Gaza town of Deir El Balah", "themes": [ "daily-life-under-occupation" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Chicago Tribune", "date": "1994-04-05", "year": 1994, "slide": 91, "file": "image210.png", "img": "img/image210.webp", "w": 541, "h": 484, "included": true }, { "id": "r1994rubin", "pub": "Rutland Daily Herald", "date": "1994-05-08", "kind": "column", "headline": "After Joy, What's Next In Middle East?", "byline": "Trudy Rubin, Philadelphia Inquirer editorial board, Gaza City", "excerpt": "Hisham Abdul Razk, released after 21 years in Israeli prison: \"I really believe there can be peace between an Israeli and a Palestinian state.\" A Palestinian woman beside the reporter, watching a raucous Israeli counter-demonstrator: \"There are maniacs on both sides who can cause hurt.\"", "themes": [ "palestinian-voice", "naming", "peace-process" ], "img": "img/r1994rubin.webp", "w": 912, "h": 1016, "year": 1994, "included": true }, { "id": "image149", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Settler violence in Israel is criminal", "themes": [ "settler-violence" ], "notable": false, "pub": "The Rock Island Argus", "date": "1995-09-16", "year": 1995, "slide": 58, "file": "image149.png", "img": "img/image149.webp", "w": 667, "h": 51, "included": true }, { "id": "image225", "kind": "infographic", "headline": "1987-1995 tally", "excerpt": "1,246 Palestinians killed by Israeli security forces, 102 Palestinians killed by Israeli civilians, including Jewish settler Baruch Goldstein, who massacred 29 Muslim worshippers at a mosque in Hebron in February 1994. 28 Palestinians killed by Arab collaborators with the Israeli Government.", "themes": [ "data", "hebron", "settler-violence" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Sydney Morning Herald", "date": "1996-01-13", "year": 1996, "slide": 104, "file": "image225.png", "img": "img/image225.webp", "w": 445, "h": 252, "included": true }, { "id": "r1996laub", "pub": "Paris Post-Intelligencer", "date": "1996-04-25", "kind": "column", "headline": "Palestinians erasing doubts about sincerity in ending Israeli struggle", "byline": "Karin Laub, news analysis", "excerpt": "The tagline identifies her: \"Karin Laub, the AP\u2019s Jerusalem news editor, has covered Israel and the Palestinian areas since 1987.\"", "note": "Her fifth appearance in this collection, across twenty-seven years.", "themes": [ "press-itself", "peace-process" ], "img": "img/r1996laub.webp", "w": 504, "h": 948, "year": 1996, "included": true }, { "id": "image239", "kind": "photo", "headline": "Israeli soldiers and Palestinian protesters clash at close range in Hebron, West Bank. The clash occurred after the funeral of a Palestinian killed Tuesday.", "themes": [ "hebron" ], "notable": false, "pub": "South Florida Sun Sentinel", "date": "1997-04-10", "year": 1997, "slide": 106, "file": "image239.png", "img": "img/image239.webp", "w": 814, "h": 518, "included": true }, { "id": "image219", "kind": "photo", "headline": "A PALESTINIAN MOTHER flees with her children after a rocket fired from an Israeli helicopter at the port of Gaza City", "excerpt": "The Israeli Army hit several Palestinian targets in retaliation for the killings of two Israeli soldiers by a group of Palestinians.", "themes": [ "second-intifada", "retaliation-framing" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Florida Today", "date": "2000-10-13", "year": 2000, "slide": 102, "file": "image219.png", "img": "img/image219.webp", "w": 500, "h": 433, "included": true }, { "id": "image216", "kind": "chronology", "headline": "Sept. 30: Clashes erupt in West Bank and Gaza Strip", "excerpt": "Fourteen Palestinians killed by Israeli fire, including 12-year-old Mohammed Aldura, whose death is captured by a television cameraman and broadcast around the world.", "caption_fix": { "note": "uncaptioned; from a 2000 second-intifada chronology" }, "themes": [ "al-durrah", "second-intifada" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Florida Today", "date": "2000-10-13", "year": 2000, "slide": 102, "file": "image216.png", "img": "img/image216.webp", "w": 197, "h": 148, "date_estimated": true, "included": true }, { "id": "image230", "kind": "front-page", "headline": "Five Palestinians killed in gunfire", "byline": "Karin Laub, The Associated Press", "excerpt": "A Palestinian child takes cover next to a police officer behind a wall as Israeli helicopters open fire with machine guns during clashes in the West Bank on Wednesday.", "note": "Same AP reporter as the 1987 Jabalia wire cluster, 13 years on", "formula": "death-toll", "themes": [ "death-toll-formula", "second-intifada" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Lima News", "date": "2000-11-02", "year": 2000, "slide": 104, "file": "image230.png", "img": "img/image230.webp", "w": 652, "h": 483, "included": true }, { "id": "image180", "kind": "photo", "headline": "Amounah Al Deges, the mother of 12-year-old Mohammed Al Deges, weeps over her dead son at the Jabalia refugee camp in northern Gaza city", "excerpt": "Al Deges was shot and killed Saturday during clashes with Israeli soldiers.", "themes": [ "child-casualty", "jabalia", "grief" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Enterprise Record", "date": "2000-11-19", "year": 2000, "slide": 75, "file": "image180.png", "img": "img/image180.webp", "w": 610, "h": 540, "included": true }, { "id": "image218", "kind": "front-page", "headline": "Israeli bulldozers strike deep into Gaza", "excerpt": "Palestinian police and civilians go through the rubble left behind Friday after Israeli bulldozers withdrew from Deir El Balah in the southern Gaza Strip.", "themes": [ "home-demolition", "bulldozers" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Anchorage Daily News", "date": "2001-05-12", "year": 2001, "slide": 92, "file": "image218.png", "img": "img/image218.webp", "w": 517, "h": 448, "included": true }, { "id": "image200", "kind": "headline", "headline": "3 Palestinians killed in West Bank protest", "formula": "death-toll", "themes": [ "death-toll-formula" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Turlock Journal", "date": "2001-05-12", "year": 2001, "slide": 93, "file": "image200.png", "img": "img/image200.webp", "w": 606, "h": 180, "included": true }, { "id": "image212", "kind": "front-page", "headline": "In deepest incursion yet, Israeli forces raze Palestinian homes, police station", "byline": "Jamie Tarabay, AP", "excerpt": "Israeli bulldozers flattened a police station and five homes Friday in the deepest foray into Palestinian territory since field commanders last week were given a free hand to carry out such retaliatory raids... In the past seven days, there have been more than two dozen Israeli incursions into the West Bank and Gaza Strip in which Israeli troops razed 60 homes and hundreds of acres of farmland, Palestinian police said. 'We might now be witnessing the gradual undoing of the peace process,' said Palestinian commentator Ghassan Khatib.", "caption_fix": { "note": "caption says 1988-07-21; content names Defense Minister Binyamin Ben-Eliezer (in post 2001-2002) and the interim peace accords - actual date is 2001-07-21. VERIFY." }, "themes": [ "home-demolition", "bulldozers", "deir-el-balah" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Fort Worth Star Telegram", "date": "2001-07-21", "year": 2001, "slide": 93, "file": "image212.png", "date_original": "1988-07-21", "date_corrected": "Ben-Eliezer as Defense Minister dates this to 2001", "img": "img/image212.webp", "w": 778, "h": 1200, "included": true }, { "id": "image135", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Israeli siege explodes hopes in Ramallah", "themes": [ "ramallah", "second-intifada" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Tampa Bay Times", "date": "2002-03-14", "year": 2002, "slide": 60, "file": "image135.png", "img": "img/image135.webp", "w": 364, "h": 189, "included": true }, { "id": "image136", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Israeli troops round up Palestinians", "themes": [ "mass-detention" ], "notable": false, "pub": "The Advocate-Messenger", "date": "2002-03-31", "year": 2002, "slide": 59, "file": "image136.png", "img": "img/image136.webp", "w": 722, "h": 53, "included": true }, { "id": "image175", "kind": "feature", "headline": "Israel broadens Palestinian offensive", "dek": "Once the 'Bride of Palestine,' Ramallah a wreck", "byline": "Daniel Williams, The Washington Post", "excerpt": "An Israeli soldier orders two Palestinian men to carry the body of a dead Palestinian inside a house in central Ramallah. Israeli soldiers rounded up suspected gunmen for detention. Circumstances of the man's death are unknown. ... Soldiers also tried to invade Ramallah Hospital, the city's biggest. Hospital workers, led by deputy health minister Munzer Sharif, stood between two tanks that had entered a parking lot outside the emergency room.", "themes": [ "ramallah", "hospital-raid" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Concord Monitor", "date": "2002-04-01", "year": 2002, "slide": 61, "file": "image175.png", "img": "img/image175.webp", "w": 1110, "h": 563, "included": true }, { "id": "image153", "kind": "front-page", "headline": "Tales of bloodshed emerge from Jenin", "excerpt": "MOURNING: A young Palestinian prays for a loved one at the Jenin refugee camp hospital, where corpses were being delivered.", "themes": [ "jenin-2002" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Miami Herald", "date": "2002-04-20", "year": 2002, "slide": 60, "file": "image153.png", "img": "img/image153.webp", "w": 506, "h": 475, "included": true }, { "id": "image134", "kind": "pullquote", "headline": "\"What happened in Jenin camp has caused enormous suffering of innocent Palestinian civilians.\"", "themes": [ "jenin-2002" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Baltimore Sun", "date": "2002-04-21", "year": 2002, "slide": 58, "file": "image134.png", "img": "img/image134.webp", "w": 801, "h": 88, "included": true }, { "id": "image125", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Israel's siege scars West Bank", "dek": "Palestinians say occupation excessive; Israelis say it derails suicide attacks", "themes": [ "second-intifada", "both-sides-framing" ], "notable": true, "pub": "St. Cloud Times", "date": "2002-11-09", "year": 2002, "slide": 58, "file": "image125.png", "img": "img/image125.webp", "w": 277, "h": 253, "included": true }, { "id": "image131", "kind": "article", "headline": "'We've had no water for 10 days'", "dek": "OCCUPATION OF A WEST BANK CITY. Israeli says military curfew is necessary to prevent suicide bombings", "byline": "Jamie Tarabay, AP", "excerpt": "Israel's renewed occupation of Jenin - now in its third week - has left its mark everywhere: tanks have knocked down electricity poles and palm trees lining streets, and a military curfew confines tens of thousands of residents to their homes. Photo: Palestinian children violate a curfew by playing in front of their home near a heap of uncollected garbage.", "themes": [ "jenin-2002", "curfew", "water" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Argus Leader", "date": "2002-11-10", "year": 2002, "slide": 59, "file": "image131.png", "img": "img/image131.webp", "w": 507, "h": 401, "included": true }, { "id": "image209", "kind": "front-page", "headline": "Seven killed in Israeli tank assault", "dek": "White House document blames Palestinians for failing to curtail militants' violence.", "excerpt": "Ahmed Rabah, a doctor at the Al-Aqsa hospital in the nearby village of Deir el Balah, said the toll could rise. A day earlier, an Israeli helicopter fired a missile into a Gaza City building.", "themes": [ "us-complicity", "death-toll-formula" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Fresno Bee", "date": "2002-12-06", "year": 2002, "slide": 90, "file": "image209.png", "img": "img/image209.webp", "w": 1060, "h": 260, "included": true }, { "id": "image199", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Incursion into Gaza camp kills 10", "wire_group": "gaza-camp-2002-12", "themes": [ "death-toll-formula" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Ventura County Star", "date": "2002-12-07", "year": 2002, "slide": 90, "file": "image199.png", "img": "img/image199.webp", "w": 798, "h": 95, "included": true }, { "id": "image205", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Israeli army incursion into Gaza refugee camp leaves 10 dead", "wire_group": "gaza-camp-2002-12", "themes": [ "death-toll-formula" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Standard Speaker", "date": "2002-12-07", "year": 2002, "slide": 90, "file": "image205.png", "img": "img/image205.webp", "w": 973, "h": 55, "included": true }, { "id": "image132", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Israel bans film about battle at refugee camp", "note": "Jenin, Jenin (2002)", "themes": [ "censorship", "jenin", "narrative-control", "press-itself" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Star-Ledger", "date": "2002-12-29", "year": 2002, "slide": 58, "file": "image132.png", "img": "img/image132.webp", "w": 809, "h": 63, "included": true }, { "id": "image195", "kind": "photo", "headline": "A Palestinian boy holds a bomb used by Israeli soldiers as he stands in the rubble of his family home Monday in Jabalia in Gaza", "byline": "Abid Katib, Getty Images", "themes": [ "jabalia", "home-destruction" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Gazette", "date": "2003-02-01", "year": 2003, "slide": 76, "file": "image195.png", "img": "img/image195.webp", "w": 430, "h": 465, "included": true }, { "id": "r2003cordaro", "pub": "Des Moines Register", "date": "2003-09-25", "kind": "letter-to-editor", "headline": "Editorial didn't help Israel/Palestine", "byline": "Frank Cordaro, Des Moines Catholic Worker", "excerpt": "Answering the paper\u2019s own editorial of 16 September, \"Arafat Must Go.\" \"Half a truth can be as dishonest as any lie. Your words reflect the moral bankruptcy of U.S. foreign policy in the Middle East.\" And: \"The Register espouses the same hypocrisy the U.S. government practices in its blind support of the criminal, lethal actions of the state of Israel against the people of Palestine.\"", "themes": [ "reader-notices", "press-itself" ], "img": "img/r2003cordaro.webp", "w": 940, "h": 576, "year": 2003, "included": true }, { "id": "image226", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Most Palestinians killed in Israeli raids were civilians, Amnesty says", "themes": [ "civilian-casualties", "human-rights" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Independent", "date": "2007-05-04", "year": 2007, "slide": 107, "file": "image226.png", "img": "img/image226.webp", "w": 873, "h": 155, "included": true }, { "id": "image76", "kind": "front-page", "headline": "Israeli ground operation cuts Gaza Strip in two", "excerpt": "An Israeli tank fires at targets in the southern Gaza Strip. Medical officials there said more than 80 Palestinians, including 21 children, were killed and 140 injured in the ground offensive.", "themes": [ "cast-lead", "child-casualty" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Philadelphia Inquirer", "date": "2009-01-05", "year": 2009, "slide": 34, "file": "image76.png", "img": "img/image76.webp", "w": 385, "h": 353, "included": true }, { "id": "image98", "kind": "photo", "headline": "Palestinians carry the bodies of three toddlers Ahmed, Mohamed, and Issa Samouni, killed in an Israeli strike, during their funeral in Gaza City", "themes": [ "cast-lead", "child-casualty", "samouni" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Fort McMurray Today", "date": "2009-01-05", "year": 2009, "slide": 36, "file": "image98.png", "img": "img/image98.webp", "w": 598, "h": 417, "included": true }, { "id": "image77", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Diplomats converge on Israel in push for truce as Gaza death toll mounts", "themes": [ "death-toll-formula", "diplomacy" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Fort McMurray Today", "date": "2009-01-05", "year": 2009, "slide": 36, "file": "image77.png", "img": "img/image77.webp", "w": 626, "h": 102, "included": true }, { "id": "image87", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Israeli troops and tanks slice deep into Gaza", "themes": [ "cast-lead" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Dayton Daily News", "date": "2009-01-05", "year": 2009, "slide": 37, "file": "image87.png", "img": "img/image87.webp", "w": 930, "h": 67, "included": true }, { "id": "image86", "kind": "photo", "headline": "CASUALTIES: A Palestinian man carries a girl killed in an Israeli strike into Shifa Hospital in Gaza City; a wounded Israeli soldier arrives at a hospital in Beersheba", "themes": [ "cast-lead", "both-sides-layout", "shifa" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Los Angeles Times", "date": "2009-01-06", "year": 2009, "slide": 36, "file": "image86.png", "img": "img/image86.webp", "w": 477, "h": 298, "included": true }, { "id": "image243", "kind": "front-page", "headline": "Civilian deaths soar in Gaza", "dek": "About 300 of 670 Palestinians killed so far are civilians", "excerpt": "Palestinians pray over the bodies of 14 people killed near a United Nations school during their funeral in the Jebaliya refugee camp. At least 39 people died and 55 were wounded when mortar shells hit the school. Of those killed, at least 130 are children age 16 and under.", "themes": [ "jabalia", "unrwa-school", "child-casualty" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Courier", "date": "2009-01-07", "year": 2009, "slide": 107, "file": "image243.png", "img": "img/image243.webp", "w": 596, "h": 566, "included": true }, { "id": "image85", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Israel fires on UN, Red Cross trucks in Gaza", "themes": [ "aid-obstruction", "un-targeted" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Cincinnati Enquirer", "date": "2009-01-09", "year": 2009, "slide": 35, "file": "image85.png", "img": "img/image85.webp", "w": 401, "h": 235, "included": true }, { "id": "image67", "kind": "headline", "headline": "257 children killed in attacks upon Gaza", "themes": [ "child-casualty", "death-toll-formula" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Cincinnati Enquirer", "date": "2009-01-09", "year": 2009, "slide": 35, "file": "image67.png", "img": "img/image67.webp", "w": 164, "h": 174, "included": true }, { "id": "image78", "kind": "map", "headline": "Relief aid to Gaza disrupted", "excerpt": "The U.N. and the Red Cross curtailed aid deliveries to the Gaza Strip Thursday, citing Israeli attacks on their staff and installations. The bodies of 35 people were found in the rubble of a battle zone in Gaza City. A U.N. official said Israeli forces fired on a U.N. aid truck in northern Gaza, killing the driver.", "caption_fix": { "note": "uncaptioned; Jan 2009 Cast Lead" }, "themes": [ "aid-obstruction", "maps" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Associated Press", "date": "2009-01-09", "year": 2009, "slide": 35, "file": "image78.png", "img": "img/image78.webp", "w": 624, "h": 398, "date_estimated": true, "included": true }, { "id": "image75", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Israel tells Gazans to expect escalation", "themes": [ "cast-lead" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Messenger Inquirer", "date": "2009-01-11", "year": 2009, "slide": 37, "file": "image75.png", "img": "img/image75.webp", "w": 918, "h": 77, "included": true }, { "id": "image89", "kind": "photo", "headline": "Palestinians sought food aid at a United Nations food distribution center in Shati refugee camp in Gaza City", "themes": [ "hunger", "aid" ], "notable": false, "pub": "The Boston Globe", "date": "2009-01-11", "year": 2009, "slide": 37, "file": "image89.png", "img": "img/image89.webp", "w": 547, "h": 420, "included": true }, { "id": "image141", "kind": "article", "headline": "Israel said to use white phosphorus", "byline": "Jason Keyser, AP", "excerpt": "Human Rights Watch said Sunday that Israel's military has fired artillery shells with the incendiary agent white phosphorus into Gaza and a doctor there said the chemical was suspected in the case of 10 burn victims who had skin peeling off their faces and bodies... 'Suddenly, I saw bombs coming with white smoke,' said the man, whose burned face was covered with medical cream. 'It looked very red and it had white smoke. That's the first time I've seen such a thing.'", "themes": [ "white-phosphorus", "burns", "both-arguments" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Pensacola News Journal", "date": "2009-01-12", "year": 2009, "slide": 62, "file": "image141.png", "img": "img/image141.webp", "w": 776, "h": 419, "included": true }, { "id": "image146", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Israeli forces advance deep into Gaza's urban areas", "themes": [ "cast-lead" ], "notable": false, "pub": "The Olympian", "date": "2009-01-12", "year": 2009, "slide": 63, "file": "image146.png", "img": "img/image146.webp", "w": 831, "h": 188, "included": true }, { "id": "image240", "kind": "infographic", "headline": "Fatalities, Sept. 2000 to Nov. 2008", "excerpt": "Palestinians killed by Israeli security forces 4781; Palestinians killed by Israeli civilians 45; Israeli civilians killed by Palestinians 237; Israeli security force personnel killed by Palestinians 245; Palestinian minors killed by Israeli security forces 952; Israeli minors killed by Palestinians 123. Source: B'Tselem", "themes": [ "infographic", "data" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Calgary Herald", "date": "2009-01-17", "year": 2009, "slide": 107, "file": "image240.png", "img": "img/image240.webp", "w": 772, "h": 430, "included": true }, { "id": "image248", "kind": "pullquote", "headline": "Yes, Israelis deserve security. Twenty Israelis dead in 10 years around Gaza is a grim figure indeed. But 600 Palestinians dead in just over a week, thousands over the years since 1948 - when the Israeli massacre at Deir Yassin helped to kick-start the flight of Palestinians from that part of Palestine that was to become Israel - is on quite a different scale.", "byline": "Robert Fisk, The Independent, Jan. 7, 2009", "themes": [ "proportionality", "long-history-argument" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Calgary Herald", "date": "2009-01-17", "year": 2009, "slide": 108, "file": "image248.png", "img": "img/image248.webp", "w": 776, "h": 381, "included": true }, { "id": "image179", "kind": "front-page", "headline": "Israeli forces kill two Palestinians", "dek": "RAID NETS FUGITIVE - Sharon speaks with Bush about meeting to discuss peace plan", "byline": "Jason Keyser, AP", "excerpt": "Cismail Hamed, 7, lies in a hospital bed in Jabalia after being injured by tank shells fired by Israeli tanks. According to witnesses and hospital officials, the children had been playing soccer in an open area between Jabalia and Beit Hanoun.", "themes": [ "jabalia", "child-casualty", "peace-process-juxtaposition" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Charlotte Observer", "date": "2009-01-19", "year": 2009, "slide": 76, "file": "image179.png", "img": "img/image179.webp", "w": 648, "h": 515, "included": true }, { "id": "image138", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Israel accused of war crimes", "dek": "White phosphorus used, group says", "themes": [ "war-crimes", "white-phosphorus" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Boston Globe", "date": "2009-01-20", "year": 2009, "slide": 62, "file": "image138.png", "img": "img/image138.webp", "w": 802, "h": 184, "included": true }, { "id": "image140", "kind": "headline", "headline": "White phosphorus use in Gaza 'undeniable'", "themes": [ "white-phosphorus" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Nanaimo Daily News", "date": "2009-01-20", "year": 2009, "slide": 63, "file": "image140.png", "img": "img/image140.webp", "w": 314, "h": 132, "included": true }, { "id": "r2009letter", "pub": "Evansville Courier & Press", "date": "2009-04-09", "kind": "letter-to-editor", "headline": "Don't fund Israeli attacks on Gaza", "byline": "Sam Blankenship, Mount Vernon, Ind.", "excerpt": "\"We are horribly complicit in the deaths of more than 500 Gazan children... It is insanity to fund both the destruction and the rebuilding of Gaza.\"", "themes": [ "reader-notices", "us-role" ], "img": "img/r2009letter.webp", "w": 254, "h": 1066, "year": 2009, "included": true }, { "id": "r2009amin", "pub": "Evansville Courier & Press", "date": "2009-04-09", "kind": "letter-to-editor", "headline": "Biblical Claim", "byline": "Karen Amin", "excerpt": "\"Contrary to the ideas expressed in a recent letter, Israel has neither a just nor an historic claim to Palestine.\"", "themes": [ "reader-notices" ], "img": "img/r2009amin.webp", "w": 588, "h": 702, "year": 2009, "included": true }, { "id": "image83", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Israelis intercept Gaza relief fleet", "themes": [ "flotilla-2010", "blockade" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Sacramento Bee", "date": "2010-05-31", "year": 2010, "slide": 39, "file": "image83.png", "img": "img/image83.webp", "w": 578, "h": 61, "included": true }, { "id": "image81", "kind": "pullquote", "headline": "The White House calls for aid to Gaza but doesn't criticize Israel's use of deadly force.", "themes": [ "us-complicity" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Charlotte Observer", "date": "2010-06-02", "year": 2010, "slide": 39, "file": "image81.png", "img": "img/image81.webp", "w": 125, "h": 66, "included": true }, { "id": "image90", "kind": "feature", "headline": "Just how hungry is Gaza?", "dek": "Israel insists that its blockade has not created a humanitarian crisis, but Gazans increasingly feel abandoned by the international community - and some in the battered enclave blame Hamas and its overlords for their depredations", "byline": "Adrian Blomfield", "themes": [ "blockade", "hunger" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Sunday Telegraph", "date": "2010-06-06", "year": 2010, "slide": 39, "file": "image90.png", "img": "img/image90.webp", "w": 742, "h": 376, "included": true }, { "id": "image92", "kind": "cartoon", "headline": "Editorial cartoon: figure labeled ISRAEL at the Western Wall; graffiti reads 'BE CAREFUL YOU DON'T BECOME WHAT YOU HATE THE MOST.'", "themes": [ "editorial-cartoon", "moral-warning" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Tennessean", "date": "2010-06-08", "year": 2010, "slide": 38, "file": "image92.png", "img": "img/image92.webp", "w": 437, "h": 346, "included": true }, { "id": "image82", "kind": "article", "headline": "Gaza Strip: Hardship falls below 'emergency' threshold, but blockade shutters factories and clinics, and leaves everyone relying on aid", "excerpt": "A Palestinian woman holds her baby in a vaccination room as others wait with their children at the UNRWA clinic in Gaza City. Gaza's health service is overwhelmed and advanced care, including cancer treatment, is not available, forcing thousands every year to seek treatment abroad.", "themes": [ "blockade", "healthcare-collapse" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Santa Fe New Mexican-", "date": "2010-06-14", "year": 2010, "slide": 38, "file": "image82.png", "img": "img/image82.webp", "w": 819, "h": 765, "included": true }, { "id": "image84", "kind": "pullquote", "headline": "'Here in Gaza we have always had the best oranges. Now most of [the citrus groves] have gone'", "byline": "Salama al-Kishawi, Gaza Juice Factory", "themes": [ "blockade", "agriculture", "palestinian-voice" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Independent", "date": "2010-06-26", "year": 2010, "slide": 39, "file": "image84.png", "img": "img/image84.webp", "w": 146, "h": 268, "included": true }, { "id": "image80", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Israel has no desire for a pact, while Palestinians have no clout", "themes": [ "peace-process-futility", "power-asymmetry" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Honolulu Star Advisor", "date": "2010-08-21", "year": 2010, "slide": 40, "file": "image80.png", "img": "img/image80.webp", "w": 276, "h": 67, "included": true }, { "id": "image79", "kind": "pullquote", "headline": "True 'brotherhood' means granting Palestinians citizenship", "themes": [ "one-state", "citizenship" ], "notable": true, "pub": "National Post", "date": "2010-08-21", "year": 2010, "slide": 40, "file": "image79.png", "img": "img/image79.webp", "w": 224, "h": 136, "included": true }, { "id": "image133", "kind": "feature", "headline": "Would Palestine recognition help peace talks?", "excerpt": "Photos: A Catholic pilgrim lights a candle outside the Grotto at the Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem; Palestinian youths throw stones at Israeli troops during a protest against Jewish settlements in the east Jerusalem neighborhood of Silwan.", "themes": [ "recognition", "settlements" ], "notable": false, "pub": "The Monitor", "date": "2010-12-26", "year": 2010, "slide": 40, "file": "image133.png", "img": "img/image133.webp", "w": 916, "h": 442, "included": true }, { "id": "r2012censor", "pub": "Roanoke Times", "date": "2012-11-02", "kind": "article", "headline": "Israel confirms killing Arafat deputy in '88", "byline": "Aron Heller, Associated Press, Jerusalem", "excerpt": "Standfirst: \"Israel\u2019s military censor approved the release of the information, effectively amounting to acknowledgement of the kill.\" And: \"only now has the country\u2019s military censor cleared the Yediot Ahronot daily to publish the information, including an interview with the commando who killed him, at least 12 years after the newspaper obtained the information.\"", "note": "A killing in 1988, cleared for publication in 2012.", "themes": [ "press-itself", "censorship" ], "img": "img/r2012censor.webp", "w": 1008, "h": 1020, "year": 2012, "included": true }, { "id": "r2012letter1", "pub": "The Register-Guard", "date": "2012-11-25", "kind": "letter-to-editor", "headline": "Israel hasn't wanted peace in Gaza", "byline": "Sterling Rand, Junction City", "excerpt": "Answering another reader\u2019s letter of 21 November. \"Go to Gaza, the most densely populated place on Earth, and find a place where there are not civilians.\"", "themes": [ "reader-notices" ], "img": "img/r2012letter1.webp", "w": 444, "h": 1016, "year": 2012, "included": true }, { "id": "r2012letter2", "pub": "The Register-Guard", "date": "2012-11-25", "kind": "letter-to-editor", "headline": "Writer offers facts on Gaza", "byline": "John C. Frandsen, Auburn", "excerpt": "\"Imagine how Alabamians would behave if 2 million of them were confined by the federal government to a 100-square-mile, barricaded-off prison strip on the west coast of Mobile Bay.\"", "themes": [ "reader-notices" ], "img": "img/r2012letter2.webp", "w": 1106, "h": 810, "year": 2012, "included": true }, { "id": "image233", "kind": "photo", "headline": "PALESTINIANS LOOK at the remains of a missile that witnesses said was fired by an Israeli aircraft on a street in Deir El-Balah", "byline": "Ashraf Amrah, Reuters", "themes": [ "2014" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Hartford Courant", "date": "2014-07-12", "year": 2014, "slide": 95, "file": "image233.png", "img": "img/image233.webp", "w": 650, "h": 487, "included": true }, { "id": "image237", "kind": "article", "headline": "Grief, anger for 71 children killed", "byline": "Karin Laub and Yousur Alhlou, Associated Press", "excerpt": "Sobbing and shaking, Ismail Abu Musallam leaned against the wall of a hospital Friday, waiting for three of his children to be prepared for burial. They were killed as they slept when an Israeli tank shell hit their home, burying 11-year-old Ahmed, 14-year-old Walaa and 16-year-old Mohammed under debris in their beds. His personal tragedy is not unique: the U.N. says minors make up one-fifth of the 299 Palestinians killed in 11 days.", "note": "Karin Laub again - 1987, 2000, 2014", "themes": [ "child-casualty", "2014" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Press of Atlantic City", "date": "2014-07-19", "year": 2014, "slide": 110, "file": "image237.png", "img": "img/image237.webp", "w": 663, "h": 327, "included": true }, { "id": "image172", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Civilian toll in Gaza mounts as Israeli offensive persists", "dek": "Eight members of a family, including 4 children, were killed in an attack Saturday... no survivors to receive them, witnesses said. There have been many such mass casualties in the 12 days since Israel began its latest offensive", "formula": "death-toll", "themes": [ "2014", "family-annihilation" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Anchorage Daily News", "date": "2014-07-20", "year": 2014, "slide": 78, "file": "image172.png", "img": "img/image172.webp", "w": 720, "h": 302, "included": true }, { "id": "image242", "kind": "photo", "headline": "Young Palestinians sit next to candles forming 848 for the number of Palestinians killed in the ongoing war, and the Arabic word for 'Gaza', at a protest in Ramallah", "themes": [ "memorial", "2014" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Sacramento Bee", "date": "2014-07-26", "year": 2014, "slide": 109, "file": "image242.png", "img": "img/image242.webp", "w": 587, "h": 444, "included": true }, { "id": "image206", "kind": "photo", "headline": "A Palestinian woman carries her belongings Saturday past houses destroyed by Israeli strikes in Beit Hanoun, northern Gaza Strip", "byline": "Lefteris Pitarakis, AP", "themes": [ "2014", "displacement" ], "notable": false, "pub": "The News and Observer", "date": "2014-07-27", "year": 2014, "slide": 94, "file": "image206.png", "img": "img/image206.webp", "w": 610, "h": 479, "included": true }, { "id": "image229", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Tank kills Palestinian family of 20", "note": "Marked/highlighted by the collector", "themes": [ "family-annihilation", "2014" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Daily News", "date": "2014-07-27", "year": 2014, "slide": 94, "file": "image229.png", "img": "img/image229.webp", "w": 208, "h": 161, "included": true }, { "id": "image173", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Shells hit shelter, market in Gaza", "dek": "Blasts kill dozens; residents thought cease-fire in place", "themes": [ "2014", "ceasefire-violation", "shelter-struck" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Daily Advertiser", "date": "2014-07-31", "year": 2014, "slide": 80, "file": "image173.png", "img": "img/image173.webp", "w": 299, "h": 478, "included": true }, { "id": "image174", "kind": "photo", "headline": "A Palestinian girl takes cover in Jabalia, Gaza. More than 1,300 Palestinians have died.", "byline": "Mohammed Saber, EPA", "themes": [ "jabalia", "2014", "death-toll-formula" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Daily Advertiser", "date": "2014-07-31", "year": 2014, "slide": 80, "file": "image174.png", "img": "img/image174.webp", "w": 304, "h": 326, "included": true }, { "id": "image217", "kind": "photo", "headline": "TURMOIL IN GAZA", "excerpt": "Ahmad Baraka, 25, a Palestinian worker at Al Awda snack food factory, inspects the damage at the burned factory in Deir el-Balah. The factory owner, Mohammed al-Telbani, lost his life's work after Israeli shells slammed into his four-story factory, one of Gaza's largest, sparking a fire that engulfed vats of margarine and sacks of cocoa powder.", "themes": [ "2014", "economy-destroyed" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Republican and Herald", "date": "2014-08-12", "year": 2014, "slide": 94, "file": "image217.png", "img": "img/image217.webp", "w": 516, "h": 475, "included": true }, { "id": "image178", "kind": "photo", "headline": "Palestinian children release helium-filled balloons with notes of good will attached to them at a UN school in Jabalia in the northern Gaza Strip, where Palestinians who have been displaced by violence in Gaza have sought refuge", "themes": [ "jabalia", "unrwa-school", "2014" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Great Falls Tribune", "date": "2014-08-18", "year": 2014, "slide": 77, "file": "image178.png", "img": "img/image178.webp", "w": 658, "h": 479, "included": true }, { "id": "image188", "kind": "cartoon", "headline": "Editorial cartoon: a dove with olive branch stands in total rubble asking 'IS ANYBODY HOME?'", "dek": "A 'permanent' cease-fire has been declared in Gaza...", "byline": "Taylor Jones, El Nuevo Dia / caglecartoons.com", "themes": [ "editorial-cartoon", "ceasefire-irony" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Albuquerque Journal", "date": "2014-09-08", "year": 2014, "slide": 79, "file": "image188.png", "img": "img/image188.webp", "w": 707, "h": 497, "included": true }, { "id": "r2015kristof", "pub": "Tri-City Herald", "date": "2015-03-10", "kind": "column", "headline": "Winds of war still blowing through Gaza's rubble", "byline": "Nicholas Kristof, New York Times News Service, Gaza City", "excerpt": "Rabah, an eight-year-old who wants to be a doctor, walks barefoot in near-freezing weather because he saves the shoes the UN gave him for school. Khadra Abed, 50: \"We\u2019ve had enough suffering.\" Halima Jundiya, 65: \"We don\u2019t want Hamas to fire rockets. We don\u2019t want another war.\" Ahmed Jundiya, 14: \"War made us feel we will die anyway, so why not die with dignity.\" Aya Abit, 24, whose husband in the West Bank has never seen their five-month-old: \"I cry every day.\" Mohammed Telbani, whose cookie factory Israel bombed: \"What I created in 45 years, they destroyed in less than two hours. What should I tell them? Thank you?\"", "note": "Telbani is the same factory owner named in the 2014 clipping from the Republican and Herald \u2014 one Palestinian businessman, two American papers, a year apart.", "themes": [ "palestinian-voice", "naming", "blockade" ], "img": "img/r2015kristof.webp", "w": 1500, "h": 952, "year": 2015, "included": true }, { "id": "image222", "kind": "headline", "headline": "4 Palestinians killed in 'day of rage' violence", "formula": "death-toll", "themes": [ "death-toll-formula", "scare-quotes" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Longview News Journal", "date": "2015-10-17", "year": 2015, "slide": 108, "file": "image222.png", "img": "img/image222.webp", "w": 747, "h": 55, "included": true }, { "id": "image88", "kind": "front-page", "headline": "On edge over Trump's threat", "dek": "Palestinian refugees and Israeli critics worry about ramifications of U.S. aid cutoff", "excerpt": "PALESTINIANS demand better living conditions at Jabaliya camp in the Gaza Strip. More than 2 million people are registered as refugees in Gaza and the West Bank.", "themes": [ "us-role", "refugees", "unrwa" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Los Angeles Times", "date": "2018-01-08", "year": 2018, "slide": 42, "file": "image88.png", "img": "img/image88.webp", "w": 819, "h": 659, "included": true }, { "id": "image93", "kind": "photo", "headline": "PALESTINIANS run as Israeli troops fire tear gas into Gaza City on Friday, the first fatality-free protest day since the Great March of Return effort began March 30", "themes": [ "march-of-return", "tear-gas" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Los Angeles Times", "date": "2018-05-06", "year": 2018, "slide": 41, "file": "image93.png", "img": "img/image93.webp", "w": 819, "h": 566, "included": true }, { "id": "image241", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Scores of Palestinians killed along Israeli border", "dek": "Violence takes place as move of US Embassy to Jerusalem marked", "themes": [ "march-of-return", "us-role", "passive-voice" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Times Record News", "date": "2018-05-15", "year": 2018, "slide": 111, "file": "image241.png", "img": "img/image241.webp", "w": 891, "h": 223, "included": true }, { "id": "image246", "kind": "front-page", "headline": "Heavy Toll in Gaza Protests", "dek": "58 PALESTINIANS KILLED", "excerpt": "An elderly Palestinian man falls after being shot by Israeli troops during a protest at the Gaza Strip's border with Israel.", "themes": [ "march-of-return" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Philadelphia Inquirer", "date": "2018-05-15", "year": 2018, "slide": 111, "file": "image246.png", "img": "img/image246.webp", "w": 536, "h": 469, "included": true }, { "id": "image95", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Nothing says 'peace' like dead Palestinians", "themes": [ "opinion", "bitter-irony" ], "notable": true, "pub": "St Louis Post Dispatch", "date": "2018-05-16", "year": 2018, "slide": 43, "file": "image95.png", "img": "img/image95.webp", "w": 452, "h": 119, "included": true }, { "id": "image182", "kind": "front-page", "headline": "Israel faces international condemnation over two-day 'massacre' at Gaza border", "excerpt": "Palestinian protesters flee from tear gas during demonstrations near the border with Israel, east of Jabalia", "themes": [ "march-of-return", "jabalia", "scare-quotes" ], "notable": true, "pub": "The Independent", "date": "2018-05-16", "year": 2018, "slide": 81, "file": "image182.png", "img": "img/image182.webp", "w": 470, "h": 475, "included": true }, { "id": "image99", "kind": "letter-to-editor", "headline": "Palestinians' March of Return", "byline": "Sara Pahl, Omaha", "excerpt": "The July 21 World-Herald carried a three-paragraph story headlined 'Israel, Hamas trade fatal fire.' Yet I have seen almost no World-Herald coverage of the underlying Palestinians' 'March of Return,' which has been occurring since March 30. Nor have I seen coverage of the brutal siege of Gaza, now 11 years old, by Israel, which the March of Return strives to break. Why is The World-Herald's coverage of a huge humanitarian story so limited? Why do we see nothing here of the heart-breaking conditions in which Palestinian families are forced to live? Is there a taboo operating here?", "themes": [ "reader-notices", "press-criticism", "self-indictment", "press-itself" ], "notable": true, "keystone": true, "pub": "Omaha World Herald", "date": "2018-08-09", "year": 2018, "slide": 40, "file": "image99.png", "img": "img/image99.webp", "w": 357, "h": 417, "included": true }, { "id": "image232", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Israeli army kills 4 Palestinians trying to cross Gaza fence", "formula": "death-toll", "themes": [ "death-toll-formula" ], "notable": false, "pub": "Charlotte Observer", "date": "2019-08-11", "year": 2019, "slide": 110, "file": "image232.png", "img": "img/image232.webp", "w": 907, "h": 158, "included": true }, { "id": "r2019letter", "pub": "The Recorder", "date": "2019-11-22", "kind": "letter-to-editor", "headline": "Read any good books on ancient Palestine lately?", "byline": "Edward C. Davenport, Drum Point", "excerpt": "Argues that Palestinian identity is a Soviet invention and quotes approvingly: \"The truth is, Palestine is no more real than Never-Never Land.\"", "note": "Included because the letters columns carried the argument in both directions, and this is how the denial reads in its contemporary form.", "themes": [ "reader-notices", "terminology", "both-arguments" ], "img": "img/r2019letter.webp", "w": 734, "h": 890, "year": 2019, "included": true }, { "id": "image238", "kind": "photo", "headline": "Damage is inspected at a house in Deir el-Balah in the central Gaza Strip", "excerpt": "Relatives say an Israeli airstrike killed a disabled 33-year-old man in a wheelchair, his pregnant wife and their 3-year-old daughter.", "byline": "Said Khatib, AFP via Getty", "themes": [ "2021", "family-annihilation" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Herald News", "date": "2021-05-20", "year": 2021, "slide": 96, "file": "image238.png", "img": "img/image238.webp", "w": 782, "h": 567, "included": true }, { "id": "image245", "kind": "feature", "headline": "Palestinian just wants his son's body back", "byline": "Jack Jeffery", "dek": "Israel's practice of holding on to remains is a form of collective punishment, human rights groups argue", "excerpt": "'IT IS MY right for my son to have a good funeral,' Mustafa Erekat says. His son Ahmed was shot to death by Israeli forces under disputed circumstances last year when he drove his car into a West Bank checkpoint.", "themes": [ "body-withholding", "collective-punishment" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Los Angeles Times", "date": "2021-10-12", "year": 2021, "slide": 112, "file": "image245.png", "img": "img/image245.webp", "w": 787, "h": 462, "included": true }, { "id": "image235", "kind": "headline", "headline": "Palestinian death toll mounts as Israel steps up raids", "formula": "death-toll", "themes": [ "death-toll-formula" ], "notable": true, "pub": "Telegraph Forum", "date": "2022-08-31", "year": 2022, "slide": 113, "file": "image235.png", "img": "img/image235.webp", "w": 892, "h": 48, "included": true } ]